Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 2.17.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अधा॒ यो विश्वा॒ भुव॑ना॒भि म॒ज्मने॑शान॒कृत्प्रव॑या अ॒भ्यव॑र्धत । आद्रोद॑सी॒ ज्योति॑षा॒ वह्नि॒रात॑नो॒त्सीव्य॒न्तमां॑सि॒ दुधि॑ता॒ सम॑व्ययत् ॥
अधा यो विश्वा भुवनाभि मज्मनेशानकृत्प्रवया अभ्यवर्धत । आद्रोदसी ज्योतिषा वह्निरातनोत्सीव्यन्तमांसि दुधिता समव्ययत् ॥
adhā yo viśvā bhuvanābhi majmaneśānakṛt pravayā abhy avardhata | ād rodasī jyotiṣā vahnir ātanot sīvyan tamāṃsi dudhitā sam avyayat ||
English translation:
“He indeed, the ancient Indra, making himself by his might sovereign over all worlds, became supreme over (all); and thenceforth sustaining heaven and earth, he overspread them with effulgence, and scattering the malignant glooms, he pervaded (all things).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अध॑ । यः । विश्वा॑ । भुव॑ना । अ॒भि । म॒ज्मना॑ । ई॒शा॒न॒ऽकृत् । प्रऽव॑याः । अ॒भि । अव॑र्धत । आत् । रोद॑सी॒ इति॑ । ज्योति॑षा । वह्निः॑ । आ । अ॒त॒नो॒त् । सीव्य॑न् । तमां॑सि । दुधि॑ता । सम् । अ॒व्य॒य॒त् ॥
अध । यः । विश्वा । भुवना । अभि । मज्मना । ईशानकृत् । प्रवयाः । अभि । अवर्धत । आत् । रोदसी इति । ज्योतिषा । वह्निः । आ । अतनोत् । सीव्यन् । तमांसि । दुधिता । सम् । अव्ययत् ॥
adha | yaḥ | viśvā | bhuvanā | abhi | majmanā | īśāna-kṛt | pra-vayāḥ | abhi | avardhata | āt | rodasī iti | jyotiṣā | vahniḥ | ā | atanot | sīvyan | tamāṃsi | dudhitā | sam | avyayat
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 2.17.4 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“then; and; therefore; now.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“Earth; being; world; bhuvana [word].”
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“size.”
[noun], masculine
“Shiva; Īśāna; ruler; Vishnu; īśvara; overlord.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“causing; making; performing; promotive; producing; doing; acting; writing; transforming; effecting.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”
[adverb]
“then.”
[noun], accusative, dual, neuter
“heaven and earth; Earth.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“light; star; luminosity; fire; jyotis [word]; digestion; planet; light; sunlight.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; digestion; Plumbago zeylanica; Agni; vahni; draft horse; three; sacrificial fire; Vahni; gold; southeast; citron; charioteer; leader.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“expand; prolong; chant; inflate.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“suture; sew.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“dark; darkness; Tamas; tamas [word]; faint; tamas; gloom; ignorance.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“cover.”