Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.191.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
नि गावो॑ गो॒ष्ठे अ॑सद॒न्नि मृ॒गासो॑ अविक्षत । नि के॒तवो॒ जना॑नां॒ न्य१॒॑दृष्टा॑ अलिप्सत ॥
नि गावो गोष्ठे असदन्नि मृगासो अविक्षत । नि केतवो जनानां न्यदृष्टा अलिप्सत ॥
ni gāvo goṣṭhe asadan ni mṛgāso avikṣata | ni ketavo janānāṃ ny adṛṣṭā alipsata ||
English translation:
“The cows had lain down in their stalls; the wild beasts had retreated (to their lairs); the senses of men were at rest; when the unseen (venomous creatures) anointed me (with their venom).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The unseen venomous creatures: these reptiles being most frequent at night or in the dark
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agastyo maitrāvaruṇiḥ [agastya maitrāvaruṇi];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aboṣadhisūryāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍanuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
नि । गावः॑ । गो॒ऽस्थे । अ॒स॒द॒न् । नि । मृ॒गासः॑ । अ॒वि॒क्ष॒त॒ । नि । के॒तवः॑ । जना॑नाम् । नि । अ॒दृष्टाः॑ । अ॒लि॒प्स॒त॒ ॥
नि । गावः । गोस्थे । असदन् । नि । मृगासः । अविक्षत । नि । केतवः । जनानाम् । नि । अदृष्टाः । अलिप्सत ॥
ni | gāvaḥ | go--sthe | asadan | ni | mṛgāsaḥ | avikṣata | ni | ketavaḥ | janānām | ni | adṛṣṭāḥ | alipsata
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.191.4 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“cowbarn; dwelling; pen; forum.”
[verb], plural, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
“sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“game; deer; animal; antelope; mṛga [word]; Mṛgaśiras.”
[verb], plural, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)
“enter; penetrate; settle; settle.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“banner; ketu; sunbeam; enemy; sign; Premna spinosa Roxb.; comet; signal; signal; luminosity.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“unobserved; invisible; unseen; unanticipated; unknown.”
[verb], plural, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)
“smear; tarnish; dirty; anoint; poultice.”