Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.191.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

श॒रास॒: कुश॑रासो द॒र्भास॑: सै॒र्या उ॒त । मौ॒ञ्जा अ॒दृष्टा॑ वैरि॒णाः सर्वे॑ सा॒कं न्य॑लिप्सत ॥
शरासः कुशरासो दर्भासः सैर्या उत । मौञ्जा अदृष्टा वैरिणाः सर्वे साकं न्यलिप्सत ॥
śarāsaḥ kuśarāso darbhāsaḥ sairyā uta | mauñjā adṛṣṭā vairiṇāḥ sarve sākaṃ ny alipsata ||

English translation:

“(Blades of) śarā grass, (of) kuśarā, (of) darbha, (of) sairyā, (of) muñja, (of) vīraṇa, all (the haunt) of unseen (venomous creatures), have together anointed me (with their venom).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Blades of śarā: these are, saccarum śara, poa cynosuroides, saccharum spontaneum, saccarum muñja, andropogon muricatum, long-reed like grasses, amidst which reptiles may lurk unseen

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agastyo maitrāvaruṇiḥ [agastya maitrāvaruṇi];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aboṣadhisūryāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): svarāḍuṣnik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

श॒रासः॑ । कुश॑रासः । द॒र्भासः॑ । सै॒र्याः । उ॒त । मौ॒ञ्जाः । अ॒दृष्टाः॑ । वै॒रि॒णाः । सर्वे॑ । सा॒कम् । नि । अ॒लि॒प्स॒त॒ ॥
शरासः । कुशरासः । दर्भासः । सैर्याः । उत । मौञ्जाः । अदृष्टाः । वैरिणाः । सर्वे । साकम् । नि । अलिप्सत ॥
śarāsaḥ | kuśarāsaḥ | darbhāsaḥ | sairyāḥ | uta | mauñjāḥ | adṛṣṭāḥ | vairiṇāḥ | sarve | sākam | ni | alipsata

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.191.3 English analysis of grammar]

śarāsaḥ < śara

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“arrow; five; reed; śara [word]; munj; Śara; Śara.”

kuśarāso < kuśarāsaḥ < kuśara

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

darbhāsaḥ < darbha

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Bermuda grass; darbha [word]; tuft.”

sairyā < sairyāḥ < sairya

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

uta

[adverb]

“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

mauñjā < mauñjāḥ < mauñja

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

adṛṣṭā < adṛṣṭāḥ < adṛṣṭa

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“unobserved; invisible; unseen; unanticipated; unknown.”

vairiṇāḥ < vairiṇa

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

sarve < sarva

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“all(a); whole; complete; sarva [word]; every(a); each(a); all; entire; sāṃnipātika; manifold; complete; all the(a); different; overall.”

sākaṃ < sākam

[adverb]

“together; jointly; simultaneously.”

ny < ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

alipsata < lip

[verb], plural, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)

“smear; tarnish; dirty; anoint; poultice.”

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