Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.189.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

मा नो॑ अ॒ग्नेऽव॑ सृजो अ॒घाया॑वि॒ष्यवे॑ रि॒पवे॑ दु॒च्छुना॑यै । मा द॒त्वते॒ दश॑ते॒ मादते॑ नो॒ मा रीष॑ते सहसाव॒न्परा॑ दाः ॥
मा नो अग्नेऽव सृजो अघायाविष्यवे रिपवे दुच्छुनायै । मा दत्वते दशते मादते नो मा रीषते सहसावन्परा दाः ॥
mā no agne 'va sṛjo aghāyāviṣyave ripave ducchunāyai | mā datvate daśate mādate no mā rīṣate sahasāvan parā dāḥ ||

English translation:

“Abandon us not, Agni, to a wicked, voracious, malevolent foe; (abandon us) not to one who has fangs, and who bites; nor to one without teeth; nor to the malignant; nor give us up, powerful Agni, to disgrace.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

To one who has fangs and who bites: snakes and venomous reptiles; to one without teeth: and who, therefore, do mischief with other natural weapons, as horns and claws; nor to the malignant: rīṣate = to one who injures as thieves and rākṣasas

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agastyaḥ [agastya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭpaṅkti;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

मा । नः॒ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । अव॑ । सृ॒जः॒ । अ॒घाय॑ । अ॒वि॒ष्यवे॑ । रि॒पवे॑ । दु॒च्छुना॑यै । मा । द॒त्वते॑ । दश॑ते । मा । अ॒दते॑ । नः॒ । मा । रीष॑ते । स॒ह॒सा॒ऽव॒न् । परा॑ । दाः ॥
मा । नः । अग्ने । अव । सृजः । अघाय । अविष्यवे । रिपवे । दुच्छुनायै । मा । दत्वते । दशते । मा । अदते । नः । मा । रीषते । सहसावन् । परा । दाः ॥
mā | naḥ | agne | ava | sṛjaḥ | aghāya | aviṣyave | ripave | ducchunāyai | mā | datvate | daśate | mā | adate | naḥ | mā | rīṣate | sahasāvan | parā | dāḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.189.5 English analysis of grammar]

[adverb]

“not.”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

agne < agni

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

'va < ava

[adverb]

“down.”

sṛjo < sṛjaḥ < sṛj

[verb], singular, Present injunctive

“create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”

aghāyāviṣyave < aghāya < agha

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“bad; dangerous; ill; iniquitous; bad.”

aghāyāviṣyave < aviṣyave < aviṣyu

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“impetuous.”

ripave < ripu

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“enemy; arivarga; Ripu; foe.”

ducchunāyai < ducchunā

[noun], dative, singular, feminine

“calamity; misfortune.”

[adverb]

“not.”

datvate < datvat

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“toothed.”

daśate < daṃś

[verb noun], dative, singular

“bite; sting.”

mādate <

[adverb]

“not.”

mādate < adate < ad

[verb noun], dative, singular

“eat; devour.”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

[adverb]

“not.”

rīṣate < riṣ

[verb noun], dative, singular

“suffer; harm.”

sahasāvan < sahasāvat

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“mighty.”

parā

[adverb]

“away.”

dāḥ <

[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.

“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”

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