Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.161.9
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
आपो॒ भूयि॑ष्ठा॒ इत्येको॑ अब्रवीद॒ग्निर्भूयि॑ष्ठ॒ इत्य॒न्यो अ॑ब्रवीत् । व॒ध॒र्यन्तीं॑ ब॒हुभ्य॒: प्रैको॑ अब्रवीदृ॒ता वद॑न्तश्चम॒साँ अ॑पिंशत ॥
आपो भूयिष्ठा इत्येको अब्रवीदग्निर्भूयिष्ठ इत्यन्यो अब्रवीत् । वधर्यन्तीं बहुभ्यः प्रैको अब्रवीदृता वदन्तश्चमसाँ अपिंशत ॥
āpo bhūyiṣṭhā ity eko abravīd agnir bhūyiṣṭha ity anyo abravīt | vadharyantīm bahubhyaḥ praiko abravīd ṛtā vadantaś camasām̐ apiṃśata ||
English translation:
“Waters are the most excellent said one (of them). Agni is that most excellent, said another; the third declared to many the Earth (to be the most excellent), and thus speaking true things the Ṛbhus divided the ladle.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The earth: vardhayantīm = a line of clouds or the earth: vadhaḥ arkaḥ (Nirukta 2.20.7)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ṛbhavaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭtriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
आपः॑ । भूयि॑ष्ठाः । इति॑ । एकः॑ । अ॒ब्र॒वी॒त् । अ॒ग्निः । भूयि॑ष्ठः । इति॑ । अ॒न्यः । अ॒ब्र॒वी॒त् । व॒धः॒ऽयन्ती॑म् । ब॒हुऽभ्यः॑ । प्र । एकः॑ । अ॒ब्र॒वी॒त् । ऋ॒ता । वद॑न्तः । च॒म॒सान् । अ॒पिं॒श॒त॒ ॥
आपः । भूयिष्ठाः । इति । एकः । अब्रवीत् । अग्निः । भूयिष्ठः । इति । अन्यः । अब्रवीत् । वधःयन्तीम् । बहुभ्यः । प्र । एकः । अब्रवीत् । ऋता । वदन्तः । चमसान् । अपिंशत ॥
āpaḥ | bhūyiṣṭhāḥ | iti | ekaḥ | abravīt | agniḥ | bhūyiṣṭhaḥ | iti | anyaḥ | abravīt | vadhaḥ-yantīm | bahu-bhyaḥ | pra | ekaḥ | abravīt | ṛtā | vadantaḥ | camasān | apiṃśata
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.161.9 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“prevailing; most(a); chief(a); devoted(p).”
[adverb]
“thus; so; iti [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“say; tell; describe; speak; state; answer; call; explain; address; proclaim; talk; talk; choose.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“prevailing; most(a); chief(a); devoted(p).”
[adverb]
“thus; so; iti [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“say; tell; describe; speak; state; answer; call; explain; address; proclaim; talk; talk; choose.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
[noun], ablative, plural, masculine
“many; much(a); bahu [word]; abundant; long; large; abounding in(p); perennial.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“say; tell; describe; speak; state; answer; call; explain; address; proclaim; talk; talk; choose.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“describe; teach; speak; tell; say; call; name; enumerate; declare; diagnose; address; say; pronounce; express; instruct; order.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“camasa; beaker; cake.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“decorate.”