Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.61.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒स्मा इदु॒ स्तोमं॒ सं हि॑नोमि॒ रथं॒ न तष्टे॑व॒ तत्सि॑नाय । गिर॑श्च॒ गिर्वा॑हसे सुवृ॒क्तीन्द्रा॑य विश्वमि॒न्वं मेधि॑राय ॥
अस्मा इदु स्तोमं सं हिनोमि रथं न तष्टेव तत्सिनाय । गिरश्च गिर्वाहसे सुवृक्तीन्द्राय विश्वमिन्वं मेधिराय ॥
asmā id u stomaṃ saṃ hinomi rathaṃ na taṣṭeva tatsināya | giraś ca girvāhase suvṛktīndrāya viśvaminvam medhirāya ||

English translation:

“I prepare praises fo rhim, as a carpenter constructs a car, (that the driver) may thence (obtain) food; praises well deserved, to him who is entitled to commendation, and excellent oblations to the wise Indra.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Ratham na taṣṭeva tatsināya: sina = food;

Tat = owner of the car, i.e. for his food

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nodhā gautamaḥ [nodhas gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): paṅktiḥ ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒स्मै । इत् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । स्तोम॑म् । सम् । हि॒नो॒मि॒ । रथ॑म् । न । तष्टा॑ऽइव । तत्ऽसि॑नाय । गिरः॑ । च॒ । गिर्वा॑हसे । सु॒ऽवृ॒क्ति । इन्द्रा॑य । वि॒श्व॒म्ऽइ॒न्वम् । मेधि॑राय ॥
अस्मै । इत् । ऊँ इति । स्तोमम् । सम् । हिनोमि । रथम् । न । तष्टाइव । तत्सिनाय । गिरः । च । गिर्वाहसे । सुवृक्ति । इन्द्राय । विश्वम्इन्वम् । मेधिराय ॥
asmai | it | oṃ iti | stomam | sam | hinomi | ratham | na | taṣṭāiva | tat-sināya | giraḥ | ca | girvāhase | su-vṛkti | indrāya | viśvam-invam | medhirāya

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.61.4 English analysis of grammar]

asmā < asmai < idam

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

stomaṃ < stomam < stoma

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“hymn; Stoma; stoma [word].”

saṃ < sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

hinomi < hi

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“impel; send; spur; stimulate; urge.”

rathaṃ < ratham < ratha

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

taṣṭeva < taṣṭā < taṣṭṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“carpenter.”

taṣṭeva < iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

tatsināya < tatsina

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

giraś < giraḥ < gir

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”

ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

girvāhase < girvāhas

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

suvṛktīndrāya < suvṛktī < suvṛkti

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“praise.”

suvṛktīndrāya < indrāya < indra

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

viśvaminvam < viśvaminva

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

medhirāya < medhira

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“wise; intelligent.”

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