Section LXXVI - Difference Between Dutiful and Neglectful Brahmanas in Society
Book index: Mahabharata (English)
This page contains a summary of the Mahabharata Section LXXVI including examples of moral lessons in daily life. The Maha-Bharata is one of the largest epics ever written containing roughly 100,000 Sanskrit verses. It deals with the legendary history of ancient India and contains a large number of interwoven tales.
Short summary of the chapter:
In this story from the Mahabharata, Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about the difference between Brahmanas who follow their duties and those who do not. Bhishma explains that Brahmanas who are learned, virtuous, and devoted to their duties are equal to gods, while those who neglect their duties and engage in evil practices are like Sudras. He advises the king to realize tribute from Brahmanas who do not possess Vedic knowledge and are not dedicated to their duties, but not from those who are virtuous. Bhishma also categorizes Brahmanas based on their professions, such as priests, counselors, and soldiers, and suggests appropriate actions for the king towards them.
Bhishma further emphasizes the importance of the king's role in upholding righteousness by punishing Brahmanas who deviate from their duties and separating them from their superiors. He states that the king should not be indifferent towards Brahmanas who are not observant of their duties, as their behavior reflects on the king's governance. Bhishma highlights the responsibility of the king to support Brahmanas who are in need, even if they turn to theft due to lack of sustenance, but if they continue in their criminal behavior despite assistance, they should be banished from the kingdom. The story ultimately underscores the importance of upholding virtue and righteousness in society, especially among Brahmanas who hold a sacred position.
Full English translation:
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Section LXXVI, online text
English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguli.
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Mahabharata (English Summary)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguli | ISBN-10: 8121505933
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FAQ of Mahabharata, Section LXXVI:
What are the different classes of Brahmanas mentioned in the story?
The story mentions Brahmanas equal to gods, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, and Sudras. Brahmanas deviating from duties are compared to Sudras. The king is advised to support virtuous Brahmanas and punish others.
What is the duty of the king towards Brahmanas not following their duties?
The king should realize tribute from Brahmanas not adhering to their duties. He should exclude Brahmanas equal to gods from this and provide support to those in need. If despite support, a Brahmana continues to steal, he should be banished from the kingdom.
Daily life: Difference Between Dutiful and Neglectful Brahmanas in Society:
The story from the ancient text highlights the importance of recognizing individual duties based on one's skills and conduct. It suggests that everyone, regardless of their background, should engage in work that aligns with their abilities and moral character. For people in positions of leadership or governance, it emphasizes the responsibility to ensure that community members are fulfilling roles that contribute positively to society. If someone is not adhering to their societal role or is involved in misconduct, it's important for leaders to intervene, providing support when necessary but also imposing consequences if the individual fails to improve. This principle can be applied in daily life by acknowledging our own duties and striving to fulfill them to the best of our abilities while helping others find their rightful place in society. Encouraging and facilitating a system where each person contributes positively according to their capabilities can lead to a harmonious and prosperous community.