Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)
by Vijay K. Jain | 2018 | 130,587 words | ISBN-10: 8193272625 | ISBN-13: 9788193272626
This page describes means of enjoyment (upabhoga) which is verse 2.44 of the English translation of the Tattvartha Sutra which represents the essentials of Jainism and Jain dharma and deals with the basics on Karma, Cosmology, Ethics, Celestial beings and Liberation. The Tattvarthasutra is authorative among both Digambara and Shvetambara. This is verse 44 of the chapter Category of the Living and includes an extensive commentary.
Verse 2.44 - Means of enjoyment (upabhoga)
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha sūtra 2.44:
निरुपभोगमन्त्यम् ॥ २.४४ ॥
nirupabhogamantyam || 2.44 ||
The last (body) is not the means of enjoyment (upabhoga). (44)
Hindi Anvayarth:
अन्वयार्थ: [अन्त्यम्] अन्त का कार्मण शरीर [निरुपभोगम्] उपभोग रहित होता है।
Anvayartha: [antyam] anta ka karmana sharira [nirupabhogam] upabhoga rahita hota hai |
Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi:
That which comes at the end is the last. What is it? The karmic (kārmaṇa) body. The receiving of sound, etc., through the channel of the senses is enjoyment (upabhoga). Such enjoyment is not present in the karmic (kārmaṇa) body; it is thus without-enjoyment (nirupabhoga). During transit (to take a new birth), there is no perception of sound, etc., as there is presence only of the psychical-sense (bhāvendriya) and not the physical-sense (dravyendriya). Now the luminous (taijasa) body also is devoid of enjoyment. Why, then, is the last alone mentioned in the sūtra? The luminous body is not the cause of activity (yoga) too. Hence the question of enjoyment does not arise in this case.
These bodies originate in the modes of birth described already. Do these bodies originate without distinction? Or is there any distinction according to the mode of birth?