Sūtra 3.4

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Sūtra 3.4:

त्रयम् एकत्र संयमः ॥ ३.४ ॥

trayam ekatra saṃyamaḥ || 3.4 ||

trayam—the three, ekatra—together, saṃyamaḥ—Saṃyama.

4. The three together are Samyama.—110.

The Sankhya-pravachana commentary of Vyasa

[English translation of the 7th century commentary by Vyāsa called the Sāṅkhya-pravacana, Vyāsabhāṣya or Yogabhāṣya]

[Sanskrit text for commentary available]

These three together, concentration, meditation and trance are Saṃyama. The practice of all the three accessories with reference to one object of thought is Saṃyama. This word Saṃyama is a technical term of the science meant to denote the three.—110.

The Gloss of Vachaspati Mishra

[English translation of the 9th century Tattvavaiśāradī by Vācaspatimiśra]

Inasmuch as the mention of concentration, meditation and trance, all three, each by its own separate name at every place, would be very lengthy, this aphorism is introduced with the. object of laying down a technical term for the sake of brevity:—‘The three together are Saṃyama.’ The Bhāṣyakāra explains:—‘With reference to one object, etc.’ He removes the possible doubt that the word has the radical meaning of these three “The word is a technical term, etc.” (The word Tantra in the original means the science of Yoga. Hence ‘Tāntrika’ means a technical term of the science.) The province of Saṃyama is the ‘Three changes’ and such other places.—4.