Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 2.194
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 2.194:
चादयो न प्रयुज्यन्ते पदत्वे सति केवलाः ।
प्रत्ययो वाचकत्वेऽपि केवलो न प्रयुज्यते ॥ १९४ ॥cādayo na prayujyante padatve sati kevalāḥ |
pratyayo vācakatve'pi kevalo na prayujyate || 194 ||194. A suffix, though expressive, is not used by itself. Particles ca etc. though they are separate words, are not used by themselves.
Commentary
It is now stated why some nipātas are said to be dyotaka while others are said to be Vācaka.
[Read verse 194 above]
[What is dyotaka is sometimes not used by itself; what is vācaka is also not used by itself sometimes. The difference is that if a particle, even though a pada, is not used by itself, it is dyotaka. If it is a pada and expresses a meaning by itself, it is vācaka, like śaśvat, yugapat etc.]