Vaisheshika-sutra with Commentary
by Nandalal Sinha | 1923 | 149,770 words | ISBN-13: 9789332869165
The Vaisheshika-sutra 1.1.27, English translation, including commentaries such as the Upaskara of Shankara Mishra, the Vivriti of Jayanarayana-Tarkapanchanana and the Bhashya of Chandrakanta. The Vaisheshika Sutras teaches the science freedom (moksha-shastra) and the various aspects of the soul (eg., it's nature, suffering and rebirth under the law of karma). This is sutra 7 (‘resemblance of substance, attribute and action’) contained in Chapter 1—Of Substance, Attribute, and Action—of Book I (of the predicables).
Sūtra 1.1.27 (Resemblance Of Substance, Attribute And Action)
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration, Word-for-word and English translation of Vaiśeṣika sūtra 1.1.28:
रूपाणां रूपम् ॥ १.१.२८ ॥
rūpāṇāṃ rūpam || 1.1.28 ||
rūpāṇām—Of colours; Rūpam, colour,
28. Colour (is the joint effect) of many colours.
Commentary: The Upaskāra of Śaṅkara Miśra:
(English rendering of Śaṅkara Miśra’s commentary called Upaskāra from the 15th century)
Now he says that many Attributes produce one Attribute as their effect:—[Read sūtra 1.1.28 above]
‘Colour is the single effect’—this is the con; ection. The word ‘colour’ in both the instances are indicatory, and its indicative power is such that it does not abandon its own meaning. And the common property of the intrinsic and the indicatory significance is dependence upon the relation of the product and producer by means of the proximity known as combination with an object which is one and the same as the cause. Hence Colour, Taste, Smell, Touch, Liquidity, Natural Fluidity, Unity, and Separateness of one are brought together. For these, being present in the cause, originate in the effects only one Attribute of the same kind. In fact the operation of non-combinative causes is two-fold. Some produce their effects by proximity to the object which is one and the same as the cause. Here the cause is the combinative cause and it is the cause of the effect, namely colour, etc., which have ro be produced. Thus Colour which is present in the potsherd originates the Colour of the pot by means of the combination, known as combination with the object which is one and the same as the cause, with the combinative cause, namely pot, etc., of the effect such as Colour, etc. Similarly Taste, etc. In some places, however,there is an operation of non-combinative causality by means of proximity to the object which is one and the same as the effect. For instance, Sound, although it is a cause, originates in the sky another Sound, although it is an effect. In the sky itself Colour, etc., also are produced by Conjunction of Fire with the ultimate atoms of Earth by means of the proximity in the form of combination with the object which is one and the same as the effect.—28.