Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana

by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words

Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...

क्रमेणोदाहरणानि,

krameṇodāharaṇāni,

(1) Examples are shown in order (this illustrates a svataḥ-sambhavī vastu-dhvani that suggests another vastu-dhvani):

hastam utkṣipya yāto’si balāt kṛṣṇa kim adbhutam | hṛdayād yadi niryāsi pauruṣaṃ gaṇayāmi te || hastam—the hand; utkṣipya—after giving up; yātaḥ asi—You have gone; balāt—by force; kṛṣṇa—O Kṛṣṇa; kim adbhutam—what is amazing?; hṛdayāt—from the heart; yadi—if; niryāsi—You go away; pauruṣam—manliness; gaṇayāmi—I reckon; te—Your.

Okay Kṛṣṇa, You forcefully let go of my hand and suddenly left. What is amazing about that? However, if You go away from my heart, then I will reckon Your manliness. (Kṛṣṇa-karṇāmṛta) (Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu 2.4.43)

atra vastunā bhaktānurakto bhagavān iti vastu.

Here, this idea (vastu): “The Lord likes a devotee,” is implied by means of a vastu (the implied idea, which is naturally possible, that Kṛṣṇa did not leave Bilvamaṅgala’s heart).

Commentary:

Jīva Gosvāmī interprets the verse differently: vyaṅgya-pradhānam eva, arthāntara-saṅkramitatvāt. tac ca vyaṅgyaṃ yadi mayy udāsīnatāṃ gato’si, tathāpi tvāṃ na tyajāmīti, “There is only a predominance of an implied meaning, since the literal meaning changes to another sense (arthāntara-saṅkramita) (“if You go away from my heart” means “You cannot possibly leave my heart”). And that implied meaning is: “If You become indifferent to me, even then I will not give You up” (Kṛṣṇa will always stay in Bilvamaṅgala’s heart, at least in the form of a thought)” (Durgama-saṅgamanī 2.4.43). Bilvamaṅgala was blind. Thus Jīva Gosvāmī’s implied sense is an arthāntara-saṅkramita-vācya dhvani (4.1).

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