Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.165.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
देवा॑: क॒पोत॑ इषि॒तो यदि॒च्छन्दू॒तो निॠ॑त्या इ॒दमा॑ज॒गाम॑ । तस्मा॑ अर्चाम कृ॒णवा॑म॒ निष्कृ॑तिं॒ शं नो॑ अस्तु द्वि॒पदे॒ शं चतु॑ष्पदे ॥
देवाः कपोत इषितो यदिच्छन्दूतो निॠत्या इदमाजगाम । तस्मा अर्चाम कृणवाम निष्कृतिं शं नो अस्तु द्विपदे शं चतुष्पदे ॥
devāḥ kapota iṣito yad icchan dūto nirṛtyā idam ājagāma | tasmā arcāma kṛṇavāma niṣkṛtiṃ śaṃ no astu dvipade śaṃ catuṣpade ||
English translation:
“O gods, let us worship for that, desiring which the pigeon sent as Nirṛti's messenger, has come to this(ceremony); let us make atonement, may prosperity be given to our bipeds and quadrupeds.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The pigeon: anallusion to misfortune
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kapoto nairṛtaḥ [kapota nairṛta];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): kapotāpahatauprāyaścittaṃ vaiśvadevam ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭtriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
देवाः॑ । क॒पोतः॑ । इ॒षि॒तः । यत् । इ॒च्छन् । दू॒तः । निःऽऋ॑त्याः । इ॒दम् । आ॒ऽज॒गाम॑ । तस्मै॑ । अ॒र्चा॒म॒ । कृ॒णवा॑म । निःऽकृ॑तिम् । शम् । नः॒ । अ॒स्तु॒ । द्वि॒ऽपदे॑ । शम् । चतुः॑ऽपदे ॥
देवाः । कपोतः । इषितः । यत् । इच्छन् । दूतः । निःऋत्याः । इदम् । आजगाम । तस्मै । अर्चाम । कृणवाम । निःकृतिम् । शम् । नः । अस्तु । द्विपदे । शम् । चतुःपदे ॥
devāḥ | kapotaḥ | iṣitaḥ | yat | icchan | dūtaḥ | niḥ-ṛtyāḥ | idam | ājagāma | tasmai | arcāma | kṛṇavāma | niḥ-kṛtim | śam | naḥ | astu | dvi-pade | śam | catuḥ-pade
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.165.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“dove; kapotapuṭa; pigeon; sauvīrāñjana; bird.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“desire; recommend; approve; seek; call; search; try; prefer; love; commend; assent; permit; choose.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“messenger; emissary; dūta [word].”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“destruction; Nirṛti; adversity.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“come; arrive; return; enter (a state); approach; travel; enter; inherit; hand down; achieve; reach; appear; happen.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb], plural, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“sing; worship; honor; praise; welcome.”
[verb], plural, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“expiation; atonement; recompense; removal.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“luck; well-being; fortune.”
[noun], dative, plural
“I; mine.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“biped.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“luck; well-being; fortune.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“quadrupedal.”