Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.88.18
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कत्य॒ग्नय॒: कति॒ सूर्या॑स॒: कत्यु॒षास॒: कत्यु॑ स्वि॒दाप॑: । नोप॒स्पिजं॑ वः पितरो वदामि पृ॒च्छामि॑ वः कवयो वि॒द्मने॒ कम् ॥
कत्यग्नयः कति सूर्यासः कत्युषासः कत्यु स्विदापः । नोपस्पिजं वः पितरो वदामि पृच्छामि वः कवयो विद्मने कम् ॥
katy agnayaḥ kati sūryāsaḥ katy uṣāsaḥ katy u svid āpaḥ | nopaspijaṃ vaḥ pitaro vadāmi pṛcchāmi vaḥ kavayo vidmane kam ||
English translation:
“How many fires are there, how many suns, how many dawns, how many waters? I address you, OPitṛs, not in rivalry, I ask you, sages, in order to know (the truth).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): mūrdhanvānāṅgiraso vāmadevyo vā [mūrdhanvānāṅgirasa vāmadevya vā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): sūryavaiśvānarau ;
Chandas (meter): svarāḍārcītriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कति॑ । अ॒ग्नयः॑ । कति॑ । सूर्या॑सः । कति॑ । उ॒षसः॑ । कति॑ । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । स्वि॒त् । आपः॑ । न । उ॒प॒ऽस्पिज॑म् । वः॒ । पि॒त॒रः॒ । व॒दा॒मि॒ । पृ॒च्छामि॑ । वः॒ । क॒व॒यः॒ । वि॒द्मने॑ । कम् ॥
कति । अग्नयः । कति । सूर्यासः । कति । उषसः । कति । ऊँ इति । स्वित् । आपः । न । उपस्पिजम् । वः । पितरः । वदामि । पृच्छामि । वः । कवयः । विद्मने । कम् ॥
kati | agnayaḥ | kati | sūryāsaḥ | kati | uṣasaḥ | kati | oṃ iti | svit | āpaḥ | na | upa-spijam | vaḥ | pitaraḥ | vadāmi | pṛcchāmi | vaḥ | kavayaḥ | vidmane | kam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.88.18 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“how many; kati [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[adverb]
“how many; kati [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[adverb]
“how many; kati [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“dawn.”
[adverb]
“how many; kati [word].”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[adverb]
“svid [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
[noun], accusative, plural
“you.”
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“describe; teach; speak; tell; say; call; name; enumerate; declare; diagnose; address; say; pronounce; express; instruct; order.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“ask; ask; ask; consult; interrogate.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“you.”
[noun], vocative, plural, masculine
“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”
[verb noun]
“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”
[adverb]
“kaṃ [word].”