Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.48.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒हमे॒तं ग॒व्यय॒मश्व्यं॑ प॒शुं पु॑री॒षिणं॒ साय॑केना हिर॒ण्यय॑म् । पु॒रू स॒हस्रा॒ नि शि॑शामि दा॒शुषे॒ यन्मा॒ सोमा॑स उ॒क्थिनो॒ अम॑न्दिषुः ॥
अहमेतं गव्ययमश्व्यं पशुं पुरीषिणं सायकेना हिरण्ययम् । पुरू सहस्रा नि शिशामि दाशुषे यन्मा सोमास उक्थिनो अमन्दिषुः ॥
aham etaṃ gavyayam aśvyam paśum purīṣiṇaṃ sāyakenā hiraṇyayam | purū sahasrā ni śiśāmi dāśuṣe yan mā somāsa ukthino amandiṣuḥ ||

English translation:

“(I conquered) by my shaft this (wealth) comprehending kine, horses, herds, water, and gold; I givemany thousands to the donor (of the oblation) when libations and praises have afforded me delight.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): indro vaikuṇṭhaḥ [indra vaikuṇṭha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indro vaikuṇṭhaḥ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒हम् । ए॒तम् । ग॒व्यय॑म् । अश्व्य॑म् । प॒शुम् । पु॒री॒षिण॑म् । साय॑केन । हि॒र॒ण्यय॑म् । पु॒रु । स॒हस्रा॑ । नि । शि॒शा॒मि॒ । दा॒शुषे॑ । यत् । मा॒ । सोमा॑सः । उ॒क्थिनः॑ । अम॑न्दिषुः ॥
अहम् । एतम् । गव्ययम् । अश्व्यम् । पशुम् । पुरीषिणम् । सायकेन । हिरण्ययम् । पुरु । सहस्रा । नि । शिशामि । दाशुषे । यत् । मा । सोमासः । उक्थिनः । अमन्दिषुः ॥
aham | etam | gavyayam | aśvyam | paśum | purīṣiṇam | sāyakena | hiraṇyayam | puru | sahasrā | ni | śiśāmi | dāśuṣe | yat | mā | somāsaḥ | ukthinaḥ | amandiṣuḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.48.4 English analysis of grammar]

aham < mad

[noun], nominative, singular

“I; mine.”

etaṃ < etam < etad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”

gavyayam < gavyaya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“bovine.”

aśvyam < aśvya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“equine.”

paśum < paśu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“domestic animal; sacrificial animal; animal; cattle; Paśu; stupid; Paśu; herd; goat.”

purīṣiṇaṃ < purīṣiṇam < purīṣin

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

sāyakenā < sāyakena < sāyaka

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“arrow; munj.”

hiraṇyayam < hiraṇyaya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“gold; aureate; hiraṇyaya [word].”

purū < puru

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“many; much(a); very.”

sahasrā < sahasra

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”

ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

śiśāmi < śā

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“sharpen; whet; strengthen.”

dāśuṣe < dāś

[verb noun], dative, singular

“sacrifice; give.”

yan < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

< mad

[noun], accusative, singular

“I; mine.”

somāsa < somāsaḥ < soma

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

ukthino < ukthinaḥ < ukthin

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“laudatory.”

amandiṣuḥ < mad

[verb], plural, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)

“rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”

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