Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.8.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ यो मू॒र्धानं॑ पि॒त्रोरर॑ब्ध॒ न्य॑ध्व॒रे द॑धिरे॒ सूरो॒ अर्ण॑: । अस्य॒ पत्म॒न्नरु॑षी॒रश्व॑बुध्ना ऋ॒तस्य॒ योनौ॑ त॒न्वो॑ जुषन्त ॥
आ यो मूर्धानं पित्रोररब्ध न्यध्वरे दधिरे सूरो अर्णः । अस्य पत्मन्नरुषीरश्वबुध्ना ऋतस्य योनौ तन्वो जुषन्त ॥
ā yo mūrdhānam pitror arabdha ny adhvare dadhire sūro arṇaḥ | asya patmann aruṣīr aśvabudhnā ṛtasya yonau tanvo juṣanta ||

English translation:

“They have plural ced in the sacrifice the radiance of the powerful Agni, who seizes hold of the forehead ofhis parents, gratifying his cherished, radiant, and expanding limbs, in their course, in their chamber of sacrifice.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

His parents: the parents are either heaven or earth, or the two pieces of touchwood; gratifying...of sacrifice:aśvabudhnāḥ = vyāptamūlāH, with outspread bases, i.e., broad at the bottom and tapering to the top, theusual shape of a fire; in his fight the dawns, drawn by horses, rejoice their bodies in the source of truth (i.e., thesun)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): triśirāstvāṣṭraḥ [triśirāstvāṣṭra];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ । यः । मू॒र्धान॑म् । पि॒त्रोः । अर॑ब्ध । नि । अ॒ध्व॒रे । द॒धि॒रे॒ । सूरः॑ । अर्णः॑ । अस्य॑ । पत्म॑न् । अरु॑षीः । अश्व॑ऽबुध्नाः । ऋ॒तस्य॑ । योनौ॑ । त॒न्वः॑ । जु॒ष॒न्त॒ ॥
आ । यः । मूर्धानम् । पित्रोः । अरब्ध । नि । अध्वरे । दधिरे । सूरः । अर्णः । अस्य । पत्मन् । अरुषीः । अश्वबुध्नाः । ऋतस्य । योनौ । तन्वः । जुषन्त ॥
ā | yaḥ | mūrdhānam | pitroḥ | arabdha | ni | adhvare | dadhire | sūraḥ | arṇaḥ | asya | patman | aruṣīḥ | aśva-budhnāḥ | ṛtasya | yonau | tanvaḥ | juṣanta

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.8.3 English analysis of grammar]

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

yo < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

mūrdhānam < mūrdhan

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“head; battlefront; peak; top; mūrdhan [word]; leader; top.”

pitror < pitroḥ < pitṛ

[noun], genitive, dual, masculine

“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”

arabdha < rabh

[verb], singular, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)

“clasp.”

ny < ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

adhvare < adhvara

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“yajña; ceremony; adhvara [word].”

dadhire < dhā

[verb], plural, Perfect indicative

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

sūro < sūraḥ < svar

[adverb]

“sun; sky; sunlight.”

arṇaḥ < arṇa

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“wave; flood.”

asya < idam

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

patmann < patman

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“flight.”

aruṣīr < aruṣīḥ < aruṣī

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“dawn.”

aśvabudhnā < aśva

[noun], masculine

“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”

aśvabudhnā < budhnāḥ < budhna

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“bottom; bottom; base.”

ṛtasya < ṛta

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”

yonau < yoni

[noun], locative, singular, feminine

“vagina; vulva; uterus; beginning; origin; reincarnation; birthplace; family; production; cause; race; grain; raw material; birth; kind; caste; kinship; bed.”

tanvo < tanvaḥ < tanū

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“body; self; own(a); person; form.”

juṣanta < juṣ

[verb], plural, Present injunctive

“enjoy; endow; possess; frequent; accompany; induce; consume; approve; affect; attend; befit; blend; contract.”

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