Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 9.66.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ताभ्यां॒ विश्व॑स्य राजसि॒ ये प॑वमान॒ धाम॑नी । प्र॒ती॒ची सो॑म त॒स्थतु॑: ॥
ताभ्यां विश्वस्य राजसि ये पवमान धामनी । प्रतीची सोम तस्थतुः ॥
tābhyāṃ viśvasya rājasi ye pavamāna dhāmanī | pratīcī soma tasthatuḥ ||

English translation:

“You, purified Soma, rule the universe by those two halves (of the lunar month) which stand facing you.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Those two halves: dhāmanī = pūrvādipakṣau, the first and second fortnights of the lunar month, the sides or halves of the month resembling in their increase and decrease the sides of a creeper, whose leaves alternate; or, nāmāni aṃśusomātmake, the two names (aṃśu and Soma); 'on earth under the name aṃśu by granting the desires of all mankind (Soma rules) this world; in heaven by giving the gods your lunar digits you are the winner of their affections. The gods drink the digits of the (moon) Soma by means of their growth and diminution one by one (i.e., as the moon waxes and wanes); dhāmanī probably means the two abodes (or stations) of the Soma

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śataṃ vaikhānasāḥ;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pavamānaḥ somaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ताभ्य॑म् । विश्व॑स्य । रा॒ज॒सि॒ । ये । प॒व॒मा॒न॒ । धाम॑नी॒ इति॑ । प्र॒ती॒ची इति॑ । सो॒म॒ । त॒स्थतुः॑ ॥
ताभ्यम् । विश्वस्य । राजसि । ये । पवमान । धामनी इति । प्रतीची इति । सोम । तस्थतुः ॥
tābhyam | viśvasya | rājasi | ye | pavamāna | dhāmanī iti | pratīcī iti | soma | tasthatuḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 9.66.2 English analysis of grammar]

tābhyāṃ < tābhyām < tad

[noun], instrumental, dual, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

viśvasya < viśva

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

rājasi < rāj

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“govern; shine; glitter; direct.”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, dual, neuter

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

pavamāna <

[verb noun], vocative, singular

“purify; filter; blow; purify; purge; sift.”

dhāmanī < dhāman

[noun], nominative, dual, neuter

“domain; dwelling; law; appearance; light; race; agreement; color; location.”

pratīcī < pratyañc

[noun], nominative, dual, neuter

“western; facing; westbound; backward; pratyañc [word]; inverted.”

soma

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

tasthatuḥ < sthā

[verb], dual, Perfect indicative

“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”

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