Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.7.21

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

न॒हि ष्म॒ यद्ध॑ वः पु॒रा स्तोमे॑भिर्वृक्तबर्हिषः । शर्धाँ॑ ऋ॒तस्य॒ जिन्व॑थ ॥
नहि ष्म यद्ध वः पुरा स्तोमेभिर्वृक्तबर्हिषः । शर्धाँ ऋतस्य जिन्वथ ॥
nahi ṣma yad dha vaḥ purā stomebhir vṛktabarhiṣaḥ | śardhām̐ ṛtasya jinvatha ||

English translation:

“(Maruts), for whom the sacred grass is trimmed, it cannot be (that you submit to be detained), for youhave derived strength from the sacrifice, formerly (accompanied) by our praises.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Sacred grass: vṛkta barhiṣaḥ(barhiriti yajñanāma) = those by whom the grass has been trimmed, i.e. the priests; "It cannot be, for, priests,by your praises preceding (those of others) you have propitiated the energies of the Maruts, the objects of thesacrifice"; for you have derived strength: or, for by the former praises (of others) you have nourished strengthconnected with the sacrifice

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): punarvatsaḥ kāṇvaḥ [punarvatsa kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): marūtaḥ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

न॒हि । स्म॒ । यत् । ह॒ । वः॒ । पु॒रा । स्तोमे॑भिः । वृ॒क्त॒ऽब॒र्हि॒षः॒ । शर्धा॑न् । ऋ॒तस्य॑ । जिन्व॑थ ॥
नहि । स्म । यत् । ह । वः । पुरा । स्तोमेभिः । वृक्तबर्हिषः । शर्धान् । ऋतस्य । जिन्वथ ॥
nahi | sma | yat | ha | vaḥ | purā | stomebhiḥ | vṛkta-barhiṣaḥ | śardhān | ṛtasya | jinvatha

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.7.21 English analysis of grammar]

nahi < na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

nahi < hi

[adverb]

“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

ṣma < sma

[adverb]

yaddha < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

yaddha < ha

[adverb]

“indeed; ha [word].”

vaḥ < tvad

[noun], genitive, plural

“you.”

purā

[adverb]

“once; earlier; first; purā [indecl.].”

stomebhir < stomebhiḥ < stoma

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“hymn; Stoma; stoma [word].”

vṛktabarhiṣaḥ < vṛkta < vṛj

[verb noun]

vṛktabarhiṣaḥ < barhiṣaḥ < barhis

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Barhis; barhis [word].”

śardhāṃ < śardha

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“troop.”

ṛtasya < ṛta

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”

jinvatha < jinv

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“enliven; animate.”

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