Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.4.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यदि॑न्द्र॒ प्रागपा॒गुद॒ङ्न्य॑ग्वा हू॒यसे॒ नृभि॑: । सिमा॑ पु॒रू नृषू॑तो अ॒स्यान॒वेऽसि॑ प्रशर्ध तु॒र्वशे॑ ॥
यदिन्द्र प्रागपागुदङ्न्यग्वा हूयसे नृभिः । सिमा पुरू नृषूतो अस्यानवेऽसि प्रशर्ध तुर्वशे ॥
yad indra prāg apāg udaṅ nyag vā hūyase nṛbhiḥ | simā purū nṛṣūto asy ānave 'si praśardha turvaśe ||
English translation:
“Inasmuch, Indra, as you are invoked by the people in the east, in the west, in the north, in the south, so,excellent Indra, have you been incited by men on behalf of the son of Anu; so, overcomer of foes, (have you beencalled upon) on behalf of Turvaśa.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Inasmuch as: used for although, still
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): devātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ [devātithi kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhuriganuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यत् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । प्राक् । अपा॑क् । उद॑क् । न्य॑क् । वा॒ । हू॒यसे॑ । नृऽभिः॑ । सिम॑ । पु॒रु । नृऽसू॑तः । अ॒सि॒ । आन॑वे । अ॒सि॒ । प्र॒ऽश॒र्ध॒ । तु॒र्वशे॑ ॥
यत् । इन्द्र । प्राक् । अपाक् । उदक् । न्यक् । वा । हूयसे । नृभिः । सिम । पुरु । नृसूतः । असि । आनवे । असि । प्रशर्ध । तुर्वशे ॥
yat | indra | prāk | apāk | udak | nyak | vā | hūyase | nṛ-bhiḥ | sima | puru | nṛ-sūtaḥ | asi | ānave | asi | pra-śardha | turvaśe
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.4.1 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“eastern; aforesaid(a); former(a); eastbound; easterly; anterior; forward; prāñc [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“backward; apāñc [word]; western.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“northern; northbound; udañc [word]; northerly.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[adverb]
“or; optionally; either.”
[verb], singular, Indikativ Pr￤s. Passiv
“raise; call on; call; summon.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“many; much(a); very.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
[noun], locative, singular, masculine