Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 7.2.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ई॒ळेन्यं॑ वो॒ असु॑रं सु॒दक्ष॑म॒न्तर्दू॒तं रोद॑सी सत्य॒वाच॑म् । म॒नु॒ष्वद॒ग्निं मनु॑ना॒ समि॑द्धं॒ सम॑ध्व॒राय॒ सद॒मिन्म॑हेम ॥
ईळेन्यं वो असुरं सुदक्षमन्तर्दूतं रोदसी सत्यवाचम् । मनुष्वदग्निं मनुना समिद्धं समध्वराय सदमिन्महेम ॥
īḻenyaṃ vo asuraṃ sudakṣam antar dūtaṃ rodasī satyavācam | manuṣvad agnim manunā samiddhaṃ sam adhvarāya sadam in mahema ||

English translation:

“Let us ever worship the Agni who is to be adored by us; the mighty, the dextrous, the messengerpassing between heaven and earth, the speaker of truth, kindled (of old) by Manu, as now by men, that (he maycome) to the solemnity.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Tanūnapāt, is omitted; the sūkta is called an Āprī sūkta, apra śabdoktatvānidam tanūnapād rahitam; Agni who is to be adored by us: īḷenyam agnim is the īḷita of the other āprīsūktas;

Mahema = to you (priests) worship

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): āpriyaḥ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ई॒ळेन्य॑म् । वः॒ । असु॑रम् । सु॒ऽदक्ष॑म् । अ॒न्तः । दू॒तम् । रोद॑सी॒ इति॑ । स॒त्य॒ऽवाच॑म् । म॒नु॒ष्वत् । अ॒ग्निम् । मनु॑ना । सम्ऽइ॑द्धम् । सम् । अ॒ध्व॒राय॑ । सद॑म् । इत् । म॒हे॒म॒ ॥
ईळेन्यम् । वः । असुरम् । सुदक्षम् । अन्तः । दूतम् । रोदसी इति । सत्यवाचम् । मनुष्वत् । अग्निम् । मनुना । सम्इद्धम् । सम् । अध्वराय । सदम् । इत् । महेम ॥
īḷenyam | vaḥ | asuram | su-dakṣam | antaḥ | dūtam | rodasī | iti | satya-vācam | manuṣvat | agnim | manunā | sam-iddham | sam | adhvarāya | sadam | it | mahema

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 7.2.3 English analysis of grammar]

īᄆenyaṃ < īḍenyam < īḍ

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“praise; invite; raise.”

vo < vaḥ < tvad

[noun], dative, plural

“you.”

asuraṃ < asuram < asura

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Asura; lord; asura [word]; sulfur.”

sudakṣam < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

sudakṣam < dakṣam < dakṣa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“deft; right; intelligent; expert.”

antar

[adverb]

“inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”

dūtaṃ < dūtam < dūta

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“messenger; emissary; dūta [word].”

rodasī < rodas

[noun], accusative, dual, neuter

“heaven and earth; Earth.”

satyavācam < satya

[noun]

“true; real; real; faithful; good.”

satyavācam < vācam < vāc

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“speech; statement; voice; voice; speech; language; vāc [word]; word; literary composition; conversation; sound; Sarasvati; cry; assurance; spell.”

manuṣvad < manuṣvat

[adverb]

agnim < agni

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

manunā < manu

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“Manu; mantra; Manusmṛti; fourteen; man; manu [word]; Vaivasvata; incantation; sacred text.”

samiddhaṃ < samiddham < samindh < √indh

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“kindle; blaze.”

sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

adhvarāya < adhvara

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“yajña; ceremony; adhvara [word].”

sadam

[adverb]

“always.”

in < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

mahema < mah

[verb], plural, Present optative

“give; accord.”

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