Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.4.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वि॒शां क॒विं वि॒श्पतिं॒ मानु॑षीणां॒ शुचिं॑ पाव॒कं घृ॒तपृ॑ष्ठम॒ग्निम् । नि होता॑रं विश्व॒विदं॑ दधिध्वे॒ स दे॒वेषु॑ वनते॒ वार्या॑णि ॥
विशां कविं विश्पतिं मानुषीणां शुचिं पावकं घृतपृष्ठमग्निम् । नि होतारं विश्वविदं दधिध्वे स देवेषु वनते वार्याणि ॥
viśāṃ kaviṃ viśpatim mānuṣīṇāṃ śucim pāvakaṃ ghṛtapṛṣṭham agnim | ni hotāraṃ viśvavidaṃ dadhidhve sa deveṣu vanate vāryāṇi ||
English translation:
“You (priests) possess the wise lord of human beings, the pure, the purifying, Agni, cherished with oblations of butter, the offer of the burnt-offering, the all-knowing; he among the gods bestows desirable (riches).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The wise lord of human beings: in the first verse, the term used is: vasupatim vasunām, the lord of riches; here, we have viśām viśpatim, the lord of men, of men
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasuśruta ātreyaḥ [vasuśruta ātreya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वि॒शाम् । क॒विम् । वि॒श्पति॑म् । मानु॑षीणाम् । शुचि॑म् । पा॒व॒कम् । घृ॒तऽपृ॑ष्ठम् । अ॒ग्निम् । नि । होता॑रम् । वि॒श्व॒ऽविद॑म् । द॒धि॒ध्वे॒ । सः । दे॒वेषु॑ । व॒न॒ते॒ । वार्या॑णि ॥
विशाम् । कविम् । विश्पतिम् । मानुषीणाम् । शुचिम् । पावकम् । घृतपृष्ठम् । अग्निम् । नि । होतारम् । विश्वविदम् । दधिध्वे । सः । देवेषु । वनते । वार्याणि ॥
viśām | kavim | viśpatim | mānuṣīṇām | śucim | pāvakam | ghṛta-pṛṣṭham | agnim | ni | hotāram | viśva-vidam | dadhidhve | saḥ | deveṣu | vanate | vāryāṇi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.4.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“overlord; head.”
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“human.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“clean; clean; pure; bright; clear; honest; śuci [word]; clear; impeccant.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“pure; purifying; pure; āgneya; clear; bright; bright.”
[noun], neuter
“ghee; fat.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“back; top; top; surface; shell; peak; Pṛṣṭha; flat roof; pṛṣṭha [word]; back; roof.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Hotṛ.”
[noun]
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“conversant(p); aware(p); enlightened; understanding.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], locative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“obtain; gain; desire; get; like; love; overcome.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“wealth.”