Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.3.8
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वाम॒स्या व्युषि॑ देव॒ पूर्वे॑ दू॒तं कृ॑ण्वा॒ना अ॑यजन्त ह॒व्यैः । सं॒स्थे यद॑ग्न॒ ईय॑से रयी॒णां दे॒वो मर्तै॒र्वसु॑भिरि॒ध्यमा॑नः ॥
त्वामस्या व्युषि देव पूर्वे दूतं कृण्वाना अयजन्त हव्यैः । संस्थे यदग्न ईयसे रयीणां देवो मर्तैर्वसुभिरिध्यमानः ॥
tvām asyā vyuṣi deva pūrve dūtaṃ kṛṇvānā ayajanta havyaiḥ | saṃsthe yad agna īyase rayīṇāṃ devo martair vasubhir idhyamānaḥ ||
English translation:
“Former (worshippers) constituting you, divine (Agni), the messenger (of the gods), have worshipped you with oblations at the dawn of day; when you proceed to the plural ce (of the aggregation) of the wealth (of sacrifice), bright-shining, kindled by the mortals who have given you an abode.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Proceed to the wealth of sacrifice: saṃsthe yad agni iyase rayīṇām = liṭ,to the heap of riches, but the riches here are those of the oblation, havirlakṣanānām; kindled by mortals: martair vasubir idhyamānaḥ: the second is an epithet of the first, meaning, vasakiḥ, plural cing or fixing in an abode or plural ce of the dwelling, i.e., either the altar, or the chamber of sacrifice
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasuśruta ātreyaḥ [vasuśruta ātreya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वाम् । अ॒स्याः । वि॒ऽउषि॑ । दे॒व॒ । पूर्वे॑ । दू॒तम् । कृ॒ण्वा॒नाः । अ॒य॒ज॒न्त॒ । ह॒व्यैः । स॒म्ऽस्थे । यत् । आ॒ग्ने॒ । ईय॑से । र॒यी॒णाम् । दे॒वः । मर्तैः॑ । वसु॑ऽभिः । इ॒ध्यमा॑नः ॥
त्वाम् । अस्याः । विउषि । देव । पूर्वे । दूतम् । कृण्वानाः । अयजन्त । हव्यैः । सम्स्थे । यत् । आग्ने । ईयसे । रयीणाम् । देवः । मर्तैः । वसुभिः । इध्यमानः ॥
tvām | asyāḥ | vi-uṣi | deva | pūrve | dūtam | kṛṇvānāḥ | ayajanta | havyaiḥ | sam-sthe | yat | āgne | īyase | rayīṇām | devaḥ | martaiḥ | vasu-bhiḥ | idhyamānaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.3.8 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], locative, singular, feminine
“dawn.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“aforesaid(a); antecedent; previous(a); first; eastern; former(a); pūrva [word]; age-old; anterior; bygone; fore(a); predictive; firstborn; easterly; instrumental.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“messenger; emissary; dūta [word].”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“sacrifice; worship; worship.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
“Havya; offering; havya [word].”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“located; ending in; formed.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“beg; solicit.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“wealth; property.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“man.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
“wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“kindle; ignite; set ablaze.”