Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.18.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒व॒द्यमि॑व॒ मन्य॑माना॒ गुहा॑क॒रिन्द्रं॑ मा॒ता वी॒र्ये॑णा॒ न्यृ॑ष्टम् । अथोद॑स्थात्स्व॒यमत्कं॒ वसा॑न॒ आ रोद॑सी अपृणा॒ज्जाय॑मानः ॥
अवद्यमिव मन्यमाना गुहाकरिन्द्रं माता वीर्येणा न्यृष्टम् । अथोदस्थात्स्वयमत्कं वसान आ रोदसी अपृणाज्जायमानः ॥
avadyam iva manyamānā guhākar indram mātā vīryeṇā nyṛṣṭam | athod asthāt svayam atkaṃ vasāna ā rodasī apṛṇāj jāyamānaḥ ||
English translation:
“Deeming it disreputable (that he should be brought forth) in secret, his mother endowed (Indra) with (extraordinary) vigour; therefore, as soon as born he sprung up of his own accord, invested with splendour, and filled both heaven and earth.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
In secret: in the privacy of the lying-in chamber, unworthy of so great a divinity
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāditī ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒व॒द्यम्ऽइ॑व । मन्य॑माना । गुहा॑ । अ॒कः॒ । इन्द्र॑म् । मा॒ता । वी॒र्ये॑ण । निऽऋ॑ष्टम् । अथ॑ । उत् । अ॒स्था॒त् । स्व॒यम् । अत्क॑म् । वसा॑नः । आ । रोद॑सी॒ इति॑ । अ॒पृ॒णा॒त् । जाय॑मानः ॥
अवद्यम्इव । मन्यमाना । गुहा । अकः । इन्द्रम् । माता । वीर्येण । निऋष्टम् । अथ । उत् । अस्थात् । स्वयम् । अत्कम् । वसानः । आ । रोदसी इति । अपृणात् । जायमानः ॥
avadyam-iva | manyamānā | guhā | akaḥ | indram | mātā | vīryeṇa | ni-ṛṣtam | atha | ut | asthāt | svayam | atkam | vasānaḥ | ā | rodasī iti | apṛṇāt | jāyamānaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.18.5 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“blameworthy; avadya [word].”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“think of; name; believe; teach; honor; deem; recommend; approve; think; define; call; respect; believe; enumerate; understand; see; describe.”
[adverb]
“secretly.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“potency; vīrya; heroism; potency; strength; semen; power; deed; active agent; efficacy; vīryapāramitā; gold; vigor; vīrya [word]; virility; manfulness; jewel; force.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“fill; stuff.”
[adverb]
“now; then; furthermore; now; then.”
[adverb]
“up.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”
[adverb]
“personally; spontaneously; svayam [word]; voluntarily.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“garment.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“wear.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], accusative, dual, neuter
“heaven and earth; Earth.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“fill; elapse; pull back; fill; satisfy; bestow; meet; stuff; load; mix; complete.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”