Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.16.17
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ति॒ग्मा यद॒न्तर॒शनि॒: पता॑ति॒ कस्मि॑ञ्चिच्छूर मुहु॒के जना॑नाम् । घो॒रा यद॑र्य॒ समृ॑ति॒र्भवा॒त्यध॑ स्मा नस्त॒न्वो॑ बोधि गो॒पाः ॥
तिग्मा यदन्तरशनिः पताति कस्मिञ्चिच्छूर मुहुके जनानाम् । घोरा यदर्य समृतिर्भवात्यध स्मा नस्तन्वो बोधि गोपाः ॥
tigmā yad antar aśaniḥ patāti kasmiñ cic chūra muhuke janānām | ghorā yad arya samṛtir bhavāty adha smā nas tanvo bodhi gopāḥ ||
English translation:
“Hero, indra, when in any conflict of men the sharp thunderbolt falls in the midst (of them), and when, lord there is a terrible battle, then the defender of our person ns is made known.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ति॒ग्मा । यत् । अ॒न्तः । अ॒शनिः॑ । पता॑ति । कस्मि॑न् । चि॒त् । शू॒र॒ । मु॒हु॒के । जना॑नाम् । घो॒रा । यत् । अ॒र्य॒ । सम्ऽऋ॑तिः । भवा॑ति । अध॑ । स्म॒ । नः॒ । त॒न्वः॑ । बो॒धि॒ । गो॒पाः ॥
तिग्मा । यत् । अन्तः । अशनिः । पताति । कस्मिन् । चित् । शूर । मुहुके । जनानाम् । घोरा । यत् । अर्य । सम्ऋतिः । भवाति । अध । स्म । नः । तन्वः । बोधि । गोपाः ॥
tigmā | yat | antaḥ | aśaniḥ | patāti | kasmin | cit | śūra | muhuke | janānām | ghorā | yat | arya | sam-ṛtiḥ | bhavāti | adha | sma | naḥ | tanvaḥ | bodhi | gopāḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.16.17 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“sharp; pointed; fiery.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[adverb]
“inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“lightning; Vajra; vajra; thunderbolt.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“fall down; drop; fly; issue; fall; fall; decay; hang down; banish; throw; lodge; disappear.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“hero; cock; śūra; Śūra; Vatica robusta; Plumbago zeylanica; warrior; hero; attacker; lentil; wild boar; lion; dog.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“awful; dangerous; terrific; intense; dreadful.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“battle; contact.”
[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[adverb]
“then; and; therefore; now.”
[adverb]
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“body; self; own(a); person; form.”
[verb], singular, Aorist imperative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“herder; defender.”