Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.8.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

स विप्र॑श्चर्षणी॒नां शव॑सा॒ मानु॑षाणाम् । अति॑ क्षि॒प्रेव॑ विध्यति ॥
स विप्रश्चर्षणीनां शवसा मानुषाणाम् । अति क्षिप्रेव विध्यति ॥
sa vipraś carṣaṇīnāṃ śavasā mānuṣāṇām | ati kṣipreva vidhyati ||

English translation:

“May the wise Agni entirely obviate, by his powe,r the removable (ills) of men the descendants of Manu.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Entirely obviate the removable ills: atikṣipreva vidhyati = kṣepyanyeva vināśayitum arhāṇi atiśayena nāśayatu, may he entirely destroy the evils which are capable of being destroyed

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriggāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सः । विप्रः॑ । च॒र्ष॒णी॒नाम् । शव॑सा । मानु॑षाणाम् । अति॑ । क्षि॒प्राऽइ॑व । वि॒ध्य॒ति॒ ॥
सः । विप्रः । चर्षणीनाम् । शवसा । मानुषाणाम् । अति । क्षिप्राइव । विध्यति ॥
saḥ | vipraḥ | carṣaṇīnām | śavasā | mānuṣāṇām | ati | kṣiprāiva | vidhyati

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.8.8 English analysis of grammar]

sa < tad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

vipraś < vipraḥ < vipra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“eloquent; stimulated; divine.”

carṣaṇīnāṃ < carṣaṇīnām < carṣaṇi

[noun], genitive, plural, feminine

“people.”

śavasā < śavas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“strength; power; superiority.”

mānuṣāṇām < mānuṣa

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“man; man.”

ati

[adverb]

“very; excessively; beyond; excessively.”

kṣipreva < kṣiprā < kṣipra

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“quick; kṣipra [word]; fast.”

kṣipreva < iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

vidhyati < vyadh

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“pierce; vedhay; pierce; transfix; bleed; pierce; cut off; injure.”

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