Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.6.9

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तव॒ त्ये अ॑ग्ने ह॒रितो॑ घृत॒स्ना रोहि॑तास ऋ॒ज्वञ्च॒: स्वञ्च॑: । अ॒रु॒षासो॒ वृष॑ण ऋजुमु॒ष्का आ दे॒वता॑तिमह्वन्त द॒स्माः ॥
तव त्ये अग्ने हरितो घृतस्ना रोहितास ऋज्वञ्चः स्वञ्चः । अरुषासो वृषण ऋजुमुष्का आ देवतातिमह्वन्त दस्माः ॥
tava tye agne harito ghṛtasnā rohitāsa ṛjvañcaḥ svañcaḥ | aruṣāso vṛṣaṇa ṛjumuṣkā ā devatātim ahvanta dasmāḥ ||

English translation:

“Your horses, Agni, breathing foam, red-coloured, straight-going well-plural ced, bright-shining, vigorous, well-membered, and of graceful form, are summoned to the worthy of the gods.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तव॑ । त्ये । अ॒ग्ने॒ । ह॒रितः॑ । घृ॒त॒ऽस्नाः । रोहि॑तासः । ऋ॒जु॒ऽअञ्चः॑ । सु॒ऽअञ्चः॑ । अ॒रु॒षासः॑ । वृष॑णः । ऋ॒जु॒ऽमु॒ष्काः । आ । दे॒वऽता॑तिम् । अ॒ह्व॒न्त॒ । द॒स्माः ॥
तव । त्ये । अग्ने । हरितः । घृतस्नाः । रोहितासः । ऋजुअञ्चः । सुअञ्चः । अरुषासः । वृषणः । ऋजुमुष्काः । आ । देवतातिम् । अह्वन्त । दस्माः ॥
tava | tye | agne | haritaḥ | ghṛta-snāḥ | rohitāsaḥ | ṛju-añcaḥ | su-añcaḥ | aruṣāsaḥ | vṛṣaṇaḥ | ṛju-muṣkāḥ | ā | deva-tātim | ahvanta | dasmāḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.6.9 English analysis of grammar]

tava < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

tye < tya

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“that.”

agne < agni

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

harito < haritaḥ < harit

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“pale; green; bay; yellow.”

ghṛtasnā < ghṛta

[noun], neuter

“ghee; fat.”

ghṛtasnā < snāḥ < snā

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

rohitāsa < rohitāsaḥ < rohita

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“red.”

ṛjvañcaḥ < ṛjvañc

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

svañcaḥ < svañc

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

aruṣāso < aruṣāsaḥ < aruṣa

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“red; red.”

vṛṣaṇa < vṛṣaṇaḥ < vṛṣan

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

ṛjumuṣkā < ṛju

[noun]

“honest; straight; straight; ṛju [word]; sincere; erect; upright.”

ṛjumuṣkā < muṣkāḥ < muṣka

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“scrotum; testis; Schrebera swietenioides Roxb.; muṣka [word].”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

devatātim < devatāti

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“deity; Deva.”

ahvanta < hvā

[verb], plural, Thematic aorist (Ind.)

“raise; call on; call; summon.”

dasmāḥ < dasma

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“overlord.”

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