Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.31.20
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
मिह॑: पाव॒काः प्रत॑ता अभूवन्त्स्व॒स्ति न॑: पिपृहि पा॒रमा॑साम् । इन्द्र॒ त्वं र॑थि॒रः पा॑हि नो रि॒षो म॒क्षूम॑क्षू कृणुहि गो॒जितो॑ नः ॥
मिहः पावकाः प्रतता अभूवन्त्स्वस्ति नः पिपृहि पारमासाम् । इन्द्र त्वं रथिरः पाहि नो रिषो मक्षूमक्षू कृणुहि गोजितो नः ॥
mihaḥ pāvakāḥ pratatā abhūvan svasti naḥ pipṛhi pāram āsām | indra tvaṃ rathiraḥ pāhi no riṣo makṣū-makṣū kṛṇuhi gojito naḥ ||
English translation:
“You purifying water have been spread abroad; fill their beds for our welfare; riding on the car, defend us from the malevolent, and make us quickly the conquerors of cattle.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gāthino viśvāmitraḥ, aiṣīrathīḥ kuśiko vā [gāthina viśvāmitra, aiṣīrathīḥ kuśika vā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
मिहः॑ । पा॒व॒काः । प्रऽत॑ताः । अ॒भू॒व॒न् । स्व॒स्ति । नः॒ । पि॒पृ॒हि॒ । पा॒रम् । आ॒सा॒म् । इन्द्र॑ । त्वम् । र॒थि॒रः । पा॒हि॒ । नः॒ । रि॒षः । म॒क्षुऽम॑क्षु । कृ॒णु॒हि॒ । गो॒ऽजितः॑ । नः॒ ॥
मिहः । पावकाः । प्रतताः । अभूवन् । स्वस्ति । नः । पिपृहि । पारम् । आसाम् । इन्द्र । त्वम् । रथिरः । पाहि । नः । रिषः । मक्षुमक्षु । कृणुहि । गोजितः । नः ॥
mihaḥ | pāvakāḥ | pra-tatāḥ | abhūvan | svasti | naḥ | pipṛhi | pāram | āsām | indra | tvam | rathiraḥ | pāhi | naḥ | riṣaḥ | makṣu-makṣu | kṛṇuhi | go--jitaḥ | naḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.31.20 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“fog.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“pure; purifying; pure; āgneya; clear; bright; bright.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“branch; fork.”
[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“prosperity; well-being; fortune; benediction; svasti [word]; well; luck.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“protect; promote; rescue; help.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“shore; pāra [word]; end; excellence.”
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“protect; govern.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], ablative, singular, feminine
“injury; riṣ; damage.”
[adverb]
“promptly; soon; quickly.”
[adverb]
“promptly; soon; quickly.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], masculine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“curative; removing; victorious; winning.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”