Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.31.9
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
नि ग॑व्य॒ता मन॑सा सेदुर॒र्कैः कृ॑ण्वा॒नासो॑ अमृत॒त्वाय॑ गा॒तुम् । इ॒दं चि॒न्नु सद॑नं॒ भूर्ये॑षां॒ येन॒ मासाँ॒ असि॑षासन्नृ॒तेन॑ ॥
नि गव्यता मनसा सेदुरर्कैः कृण्वानासो अमृतत्वाय गातुम् । इदं चिन्नु सदनं भूर्येषां येन मासाँ असिषासन्नृतेन ॥
ni gavyatā manasā sedur arkaiḥ kṛṇvānāso amṛtatvāya gātum | idaṃ cin nu sadanam bhūry eṣāṃ yena māsām̐ asiṣāsann ṛtena ||
English translation:
“The aṅgirasas, with minds intent on their cattle, (sat down to worshipIndra) with hymns, following the road to immortality; great was their person verance by which they sought for months to accomplish (their ends).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gāthino viśvāmitraḥ, aiṣīrathīḥ kuśiko vā [gāthina viśvāmitra, aiṣīrathīḥ kuśika vā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
नि । ग॒व्य॒ता । मन॑सा । से॒दुः॒ । अ॒र्कैः । कृ॒ण्वा॒नासः॑ । अ॒मृ॒त॒ऽत्वाय॑ । गा॒तुम् । इ॒दम् । चि॒त् । नु । सद॑नम् । भूरि॑ । ए॒षा॒म् । येन॑ । मासा॑न् । असि॑सासन् । ऋ॒तेन॑ ॥
नि । गव्यता । मनसा । सेदुः । अर्कैः । कृण्वानासः । अमृतत्वाय । गातुम् । इदम् । चित् । नु । सदनम् । भूरि । एषाम् । येन । मासान् । असिसासन् । ऋतेन ॥
ni | gavyatā | manasā | seduḥ | arkaiḥ | kṛṇvānāsaḥ | amṛta-tvāya | gātum | idam | ci t | nu | sadanam | bhūri | eṣām | yena | māsān | asisāsan | ṛtena
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.31.9 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“mind; Manas; purpose; idea; attention; heart; decision; manas [word]; manas [indecl.]; spirit; temper; intelligence.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sun; copper; Surya; hymn; twelve; fire; beam.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun]
“immortal; amṛta; imperishable.”
[noun], dative, singular, neuter
“state; quality; cause; reason.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“path; way.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[adverb]
“now; already.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“seat; weakness; inertness; dwelling; exhaustion; numbness; home; residence; seat; inanition; location.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“much; many; much(a); abundant; rich; mighty; distinguished.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“month; lunar month; māsa [word].”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“win; gain.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”