Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.21.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तुभ्यं॑ श्चोतन्त्यध्रिगो शचीवः स्तो॒कासो॑ अग्ने॒ मेद॑सो घृ॒तस्य॑ । क॒वि॒श॒स्तो बृ॑ह॒ता भा॒नुनागा॑ ह॒व्या जु॑षस्व मेधिर ॥
तुभ्यं श्चोतन्त्यध्रिगो शचीवः स्तोकासो अग्ने मेदसो घृतस्य । कविशस्तो बृहता भानुनागा हव्या जुषस्व मेधिर ॥
tubhyaṃ ścotanty adhrigo śacīvaḥ stokāso agne medaso ghṛtasya | kaviśasto bṛhatā bhānunāgā havyā juṣasva medhira ||
English translation:
“Irrepressible and powerful, Agni, the drops of marrow and of butter distil for you; therefore you, who are praised by sages, come with great splendour, and be plural ased ever intelligent Agni, with our oblations.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gāthī kauśikaḥ [gāthī kauśika];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍanuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तुभ्य॑म् । श्चो॒त॒न्ति॒ । अ॒ध्रि॒गो॒ इत्य॑ध्रिऽगो । श॒ची॒ऽवः॒ । स्तो॒कासः॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । मेद॑सः । घृ॒तस्य॑ । क॒वि॒ऽश॒स्तः । बृ॒ह॒ता । भा॒नुना॑ । आ । अ॒गाः॒ । ह॒व्या । जु॒ष॒स्व॒ । मे॒धि॒र॒ ॥
तुभ्यम् । श्चोतन्ति । अध्रिगो इत्यध्रिगो । शचीवः । स्तोकासः । अग्ने । मेदसः । घृतस्य । कविशस्तः । बृहता । भानुना । आ । अगाः । हव्या । जुषस्व । मेधिर ॥
tubhyam | ścotanti | adhrigo ity adhir-go | śacī-vaḥ | stokāsaḥ | agne | medasaḥ | ghṛtasya | kavi-śastaḥ | bṛhatā | bhānunā | ā | agāḥ | havyā | juṣasva | medhira
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.21.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], dative, singular
“you.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“rich; powerful.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“mighty.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“drop; myrrh; morsel.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“medas; fat; corpulence.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“ghee; fat.”
[noun], masculine
“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“recommend; tell; praise; approve; communicate; recite; commend; bode; name; agree.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sunbeam; beam; luminosity; copper; light; twelve; appearance; Bhānu; flare.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“go; enter (a state); arrive.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“Havya; offering; havya [word].”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“enjoy; endow; possess; frequent; accompany; induce; consume; approve; affect; attend; befit; blend; contract.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“wise; intelligent.”