Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.14.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
द्रव॑तां त उ॒षसा॑ वा॒जय॑न्ती॒ अग्ने॒ वात॑स्य प॒थ्या॑भि॒रच्छ॑ । यत्सी॑म॒ञ्जन्ति॑ पू॒र्व्यं ह॒विर्भि॒रा व॒न्धुरे॑व तस्थतुर्दुरो॒णे ॥
द्रवतां त उषसा वाजयन्ती अग्ने वातस्य पथ्याभिरच्छ । यत्सीमञ्जन्ति पूर्व्यं हविर्भिरा वन्धुरेव तस्थतुर्दुरोणे ॥
dravatāṃ ta uṣasā vājayantī agne vātasya pathyābhir accha | yat sīm añjanti pūrvyaṃ havirbhir ā vandhureva tasthatur duroṇe ||
English translation:
“May the good-bestowing day and night hasten to you while you, Agni meet them on the paths of the wind; since (the priests) ever worship you preceding (them) with oblations, whilst they (united) like the pole (and the yoke of a wagon), abide successively in our dwelling.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Preceding: pūrvyam = sāyam prātaḥ kālayoḥ pūrvyam, i.e., Agni is worshipped at dawn before the day, and in the evening before night
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): ṛṣabho vaiśvāmitraḥ [ṛṣabha vaiśvāmitra];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
द्रव॑ताम् । ते॒ । उ॒षसा॑ । वा॒जय॑न्ती॒ इति॑ । अ॒ग्ने॒ । वात॑स्य । प॒थ्या॑भिः । अच्छ॑ । यत् । सी॒म् । अ॒ञ्जन्ति॑ । पू॒र्व्यम् । ह॒विःऽभिः॑ । आ । व॒न्धुरा॑ऽइव । त॒स्थ॒तुः॒ । दु॒रो॒णे ॥
द्रवताम् । ते । उषसा । वाजयन्ती इति । अग्ने । वातस्य । पथ्याभिः । अच्छ । यत् । सीम् । अञ्जन्ति । पूर्व्यम् । हविःभिः । आ । वन्धुराइव । तस्थतुः । दुरोणे ॥
dravatām | te | uṣasā | vājayantī iti | agne | vātasya | pathyābhiḥ | accha | yat | sīm | añjanti | pūrvyam | haviḥ-bhiḥ | ā | vandhurāiva | tasthatuḥ | duroṇe
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.14.3 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], dual, Present imperative
“liquefy; melt; melt; flee; run; run; vanish; run; rush; dissolve; dissolve.”
[noun], dative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, dual, feminine
“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
[verb noun], nominative, dual
“incite.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“vāta; wind; fart; Vayu; air; draft; vāta [word]; Vāta; rheumatism; Marut.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine
“Terminalia chebula Retz.; path; Pathyā; way.”
[adverb]
“towards; accha [prefix].”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[adverb]
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“smear; anoint; mix; color.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“first; precedent; age-old; excellent; former(a).”
[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
“Havya; offering; ghee; havis [word].”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“seat; seat.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[verb], dual, Perfect indicative
“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“home; dwelling.”