Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 3.9.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

स॒सृ॒वांस॑मिव॒ त्मना॒ग्निमि॒त्था ति॒रोहि॑तम् । ऐनं॑ नयन्मात॒रिश्वा॑ परा॒वतो॑ दे॒वेभ्यो॑ मथि॒तं परि॑ ॥
ससृवांसमिव त्मनाग्निमित्था तिरोहितम् । ऐनं नयन्मातरिश्वा परावतो देवेभ्यो मथितं परि ॥
sasṛvāṃsam iva tmanāgnim itthā tirohitam | ainaṃ nayan mātariśvā parāvato devebhyo mathitam pari ||

English translation:

Mātariśvan therefore brought for the gods from afar, Agni, hiding of himself, and genitive rated by attrition, as (a father brings back) a fugitive (son).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

A fugitive (son): the text has only sasṛvāmsam iva, like one going; the father and son are implied; or, the reference may be to master and slave

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gāthino viśvāmitraḥ [gāthina viśvāmitra];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

स॒सृ॒वांस॑म्ऽइव । त्मना॑ । अ॒ग्निम् । इ॒त्था । ति॒रःऽहि॑तम् । आ । ए॒न॒म् । न॒य॒त् । मा॒त॒रिश्वा॑ । प॒रा॒ऽवतः॑ । दे॒वेभ्यः॑ । म॒थि॒तम् । परि॑ ॥
ससृवांसम्इव । त्मना । अग्निम् । इत्था । तिरःहितम् । आ । एनम् । नयत् । मातरिश्वा । परावतः । देवेभ्यः । मथितम् । परि ॥
sasṛvāṃsam-iva | tmanā | agnim | itthā | tiraḥ-hitam | ā | enam | nayat | mātar iśvā | parāvataḥ | devebhyaḥ | mathitam | pari

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 3.9.5 English analysis of grammar]

sasṛvāṃsam < sṛ

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“sṛ; liquefy; run; spread; stretch out.”

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

tmanāgnim < tmanā < tman

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“self.”

tmanāgnim < agnim < agni

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

itthā

[adverb]

“thus; here.”

tirohitam < tirodhā < √dhā

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“hide.”

ainaṃ < ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

ainaṃ < enam < enad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.).”

nayan < nayat <

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“bring; lead; spend; decant; enter (a state); remove; take out; take away; enforce; marry; carry; fill into; bring; learn; go out; add.”

mātariśvā < mātariśvan

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“wind; Mātariśvan; Vayu; vāta.”

parāvato < parāvataḥ < parāvat

[noun], ablative, singular, feminine

“distance; distance; distance.”

devebhyo < devebhyaḥ < deva

[noun], ablative, plural, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

mathitam < math

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“churn; knead; trample; full; stir; crush.”

pari

[adverb]

“from; about; around.”

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