Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 2.16.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पु॒रा स॑म्बा॒धाद॒भ्या व॑वृत्स्व नो धे॒नुर्न व॒त्सं यव॑सस्य पि॒प्युषी॑ । स॒कृत्सु ते॑ सुम॒तिभि॑: शतक्रतो॒ सं पत्नी॑भि॒र्न वृष॑णो नसीमहि ॥
पुरा सम्बाधादभ्या ववृत्स्व नो धेनुर्न वत्सं यवसस्य पिप्युषी । सकृत्सु ते सुमतिभिः शतक्रतो सं पत्नीभिर्न वृषणो नसीमहि ॥
purā sambādhād abhy ā vavṛtsva no dhenur na vatsaṃ yavasasya pipyuṣī | sakṛt su te sumatibhiḥ śatakrato sam patnībhir na vṛṣaṇo nasīmahi ||

English translation:

“Conduct us beforehand away from evil, as a cow grazing in a meadow leads her calf (out of peril); may we, Śatakratu, envelop you, if but once, with acceptable praises, as youthful husbands (are embraced) by their wives.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

पु॒रा । स॒म्ऽबा॒धात् । अ॒भि । आ । व॒वृ॒त्स्व॒ । नः॒ । धे॒नुः । न । व॒त्सम् । यव॑सस्य । पि॒प्युषी॑ । स॒कृत् । सु । ते॒ । सु॒म॒तिऽभिः॑ । श॒त॒क्र॒तो॒ इति॑ शतऽक्रतो । सम् । पत्नी॑भिः । न । वृष॑णः । न॒सी॒म॒हि॒ ॥
पुरा । सम्बाधात् । अभि । आ । ववृत्स्व । नः । धेनुः । न । वत्सम् । यवसस्य । पिप्युषी । सकृत् । सु । ते । सुमतिभिः । शतक्रतो इति शतक्रतो । सम् । पत्नीभिः । न । वृषणः । नसीमहि ॥
purā | sam-bādhāt | abhi | ā | vavṛtsva | naḥ | dhenuḥ | na | vatsam | yavasasya | pipyuṣī | sakṛt | su | te | sumati-bhiḥ | śatakrato itiśata-krato | sam | patnībhiḥ | na | vṛṣaṇaḥ | nasīmahi

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 2.16.8 English analysis of grammar]

purā

[adverb]

“once; earlier; first; purā [indecl.].”

sambādhād < sambādhāt < sambādha

[noun], ablative, singular, masculine

“crowd; multitude; damage; vagina.”

abhy < abhī < abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

vavṛtsva < vṛt

[verb], singular, Perfect imperative

“behave; happen; exist; return; dwell; die; roll; continue; act; exist; feed on; issue; move; travel; proceed; turn; situate; drive; account for; begin; do; inhere; revolve.”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

dhenur < dhenuḥ < dhenu

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“cow; dhenu [word]; milk.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

vatsaṃ < vatsam < vatsa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“calf; child; Vatsa; vatsa [word]; juvenile; Vatsa; Vatsa; Vatsa; son; male child.”

yavasasya < yavasa

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“eatage; pasture; fodder.”

pipyuṣī < pyā

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“swell; abound; swell.”

sakṛt

[adverb]

“once; immediately; sakṛt [word]; abruptly.”

su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

sumatibhiḥ < sumati

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“benevolence; favor; Sumati.”

śatakrato < śatakratu

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra.”

sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

patnībhir < patnībhiḥ < patnī

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“wife; mistress; queen.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

vṛṣaṇo < vṛṣaṇaḥ < vṛṣan

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

nasīmahi < nas

[verb], plural, Aorist optative

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