Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.116.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तुग्रो॑ ह भु॒ज्युम॑श्विनोदमे॒घे र॒यिं न कश्चि॑न्ममृ॒वाँ अवा॑हाः । तमू॑हथुर्नौ॒भिरा॑त्म॒न्वती॑भिरन्तरिक्ष॒प्रुद्भि॒रपो॑दकाभिः ॥
तुग्रो ह भुज्युमश्विनोदमेघे रयिं न कश्चिन्ममृवाँ अवाहाः । तमूहथुर्नौभिरात्मन्वतीभिरन्तरिक्षप्रुद्भिरपोदकाभिः ॥
tugro ha bhujyum aśvinodameghe rayiṃ na kaś cin mamṛvām̐ avāhāḥ | tam ūhathur naubhir ātmanvatībhir antarikṣaprudbhir apodakābhiḥ ||

English translation:

Tugra, verily, Aśvins, sent (his son) Bhujyu to sea, as a dying man parts with his riches; but you brought him back in vessels of your own, floating over the ocean, and keeping out the waters.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Tugra was a friend of the Aśvins; he was annoyed by enemies residing in a different island. He sen this son Bhujyu agains thtem, with an army on board a ship; after sailing some distance, the vessel foundered in a gale. Bhujyu applied to the Aśvins, who brought him an dhis troops back in their own ships, in three days' time

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kakṣīvān;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

तुग्रः॑ । ह॒ । भु॒ज्युम् । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ । उ॒द॒ऽमे॒घे । र॒यिम् । न । कः । चि॒त् । म॒मृ॒ऽवाम् । अव॑ । अ॒हाः॒ । तम् । ऊ॒ह॒थुः॒ । नौ॒भिः । आ॒त्म॒न्ऽवती॑भिः । अ॒न्त॒रि॒क्ष॒प्रुत्ऽभिः॑ । अप॑ऽउदकाभिः ॥
तुग्रः । ह । भुज्युम् । अश्विना । उदमेघे । रयिम् । न । कः । चित् । ममृवाम् । अव । अहाः । तम् । ऊहथुः । नौभिः । आत्मन्वतीभिः । अन्तरिक्षप्रुत्भिः । अपउदकाभिः ॥
tugraḥ | ha | bhujyum | aśvinā | uda-meghe | rayim | na | kaḥ | cit | mamṛ-vām | ava | ahāḥ | tam | ūhathuḥ | naubhiḥ | ātman-vatībhiḥ | antarikṣaprut-bhiḥ | apa-udakābh iḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.116.3 English analysis of grammar]

tugro < tugraḥ < tugra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Tugra; tugra [word].”

ha

[adverb]

“indeed; ha [word].”

bhujyum < bhujyu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Bhujyu.”

aśvinodameghe < aśvinā < aśvin

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“Asvins; two.”

aśvinodameghe < uda

[noun], neuter

“water.”

aśvinodameghe < meghe < megha

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“cloud; abhra; mass; megha [word].”

rayiṃ < rayim < rayi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“wealth; property.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

kaścin < kaścid < kaścit

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“any(a); some(a); some(a); some(a); some(a).”

mamṛvāṃ < mṛ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“mṛ; die; disappear; go out.”

avāhāḥ < avahā < √hā

[verb], singular, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)

tam < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

ūhathur < ūhathuḥ < vah

[verb], dual, Perfect indicative

“transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”

naubhir < naubhiḥ < nau

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“ship; boat; nau [word].”

ātmanvatībhir < ātmanvatībhiḥ < ātmanvat

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“live.”

antarikṣaprudbhir < antarikṣa

[noun], neuter

“sky; atmosphere; air; abhra.”

antarikṣaprudbhir < prudbhiḥ < prut

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

apodakābhiḥ < apodaka

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“arid; terrestrial.”

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