Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.94.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इ॒मं स्तोम॒मर्ह॑ते जा॒तवे॑दसे॒ रथ॑मिव॒ सं म॑हेमा मनी॒षया॑ । भ॒द्रा हि न॒: प्रम॑तिरस्य सं॒सद्यग्ने॑ स॒ख्ये मा रि॑षामा व॒यं तव॑ ॥
इमं स्तोममर्हते जातवेदसे रथमिव सं महेमा मनीषया । भद्रा हि नः प्रमतिरस्य संसद्यग्ने सख्ये मा रिषामा वयं तव ॥
imaṃ stomam arhate jātavedase ratham iva sam mahemā manīṣayā | bhadrā hi naḥ pramatir asya saṃsady agne sakhye mā riṣāmā vayaṃ tava ||
English translation:
“To him who is worthy of praise, and all-knowing, we construct, with our minds, this hymn, as (a workman makes) a car; happy is our understanding when engaged in his adoration; let us not suffer injury, Agni, through your friendship.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The refrain: sakhye mā riṣāmā vayam tava = may we not be injured in or by your friendship, i.e. do you preserve us.
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इ॒मम् । स्तोम॑म् । अर्ह॑ते जा॒तऽवे॑दसे । रथ॑म्ऽइव । सम् । म॒हे॒म॒ । म॒नी॒षया॑ । भ॒द्रा । हि । नः॒ । प्रऽम॑तिः । अ॒स्य॒ । स॒म्ऽसदि॑ । अग्ने॑ । स॒ख्ये । मा । रि॒षा॒म॒ । व॒यम् । तव॑ ॥
इमम् । स्तोमम् । अर्हते जातवेदसे । रथम्इव । सम् । महेम । मनीषया । भद्रा । हि । नः । प्रमतिः । अस्य । सम्सदि । अग्ने । सख्ये । मा । रिषाम । वयम् । तव ॥
imam | stomam | arhate jāta-vedase | ratham-iva | sam | mahema | manīṣayā | bhadrā | hi | naḥ | pra-matiḥ | asya | sam-sadi | agne | sakhye | mā | riṣāma | vayam | tava
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.94.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“hymn; Stoma; stoma [word].”
[verb noun], dative, singular
“should; may; rate; can; can; equal; necessitate.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“Agni; fire.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[verb], plural, Present optative
“give; accord.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“hymn; inspiration; idea; thinking; wish; consideration; intelligence.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“auspicious; lovely; good; happy; bhadra [word]; lucky; fine-looking; beautiful.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[noun], dative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“care; solicitude; caution; providence.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], locative, singular, feminine
“assembly; court; company.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“friendship; aid; company.”
[adverb]
“not.”
[verb], plural, Aorist conj./subj.
“suffer; harm.”
[noun], nominative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”