Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.36.8
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
घ्नन्तो॑ वृ॒त्रम॑तर॒न्रोद॑सी अ॒प उ॒रु क्षया॑य चक्रिरे । भुव॒त्कण्वे॒ वृषा॑ द्यु॒म्न्याहु॑त॒: क्रन्द॒दश्वो॒ गवि॑ष्टिषु ॥
घ्नन्तो वृत्रमतरन्रोदसी अप उरु क्षयाय चक्रिरे । भुवत्कण्वे वृषा द्युम्न्याहुतः क्रन्ददश्वो गविष्टिषु ॥
ghnanto vṛtram ataran rodasī apa uru kṣayāya cakrire | bhuvat kaṇve vṛṣā dyumny āhutaḥ krandad aśvo gaviṣṭiṣu ||
English translation:
“The destroying (deities along with you) have slain Vṛtra; they have made earth and heaven and the firmament the spacious dwelling-plural ce (of living creatures); may Agni, possessed of wealth, when invoked, be a benefactor to Kaṇva, like a horse that neighs in a conflict for cattle.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Goviṣayecchāyukteṣu, assumed: saṅgrāmeṣu, in battles to win cattle
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kaṇvo ghauraḥ [kaṇva ghaura];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): svarāḍbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
घ्नन्तः॑ । वृ॒त्रम् । अ॒त॒र॒न् । रोद॑सी॒ इति॑ । अ॒पः । उ॒रु । क्षया॑य । च॒क्रि॒रे॒ । भुव॑त् । कण्वे॑ । वृषा॑ । द्यु॒म्नी । आऽहु॑तः । क्रन्द॑त् । अश्वः॑ । गोऽइ॑ष्टिषु ॥
घ्नन्तः । वृत्रम् । अतरन् । रोदसी इति । अपः । उरु । क्षयाय । चक्रिरे । भुवत् । कण्वे । वृषा । द्युम्नी । आहुतः । क्रन्दत् । अश्वः । गोइष्टिषु ॥
ghnantaḥ | vṛtram | ataran | rodasī iti | apaḥ | uru | kṣayāya | cakrire | bhuvat | kaṇve | vṛṣā | dyumnī | āhutaḥ | krandat | aśvaḥ | go--iṣṭiṣu
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.36.8 English analysis of grammar]
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“traverse; overcome; float; rescue; reach; satisfy.”
[noun], accusative, dual, neuter
“heaven and earth; Earth.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“dwelling; house; kṣaya [word]; home; family.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“Kaṇva; Kaṇva; kaṇva [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“powerful; imperial.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“sacrifice; sprinkle.”
[verb], singular, Present injunctive
“roar; neigh; cry; howl; shout.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
“foray.”