Text 146

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Text 146:

पणिम् उक्तेषु गमनविधिः । कथं यदा तोमरं हस्तेन गृहीत्वोत्क्षेप्तुम् इच्छोत्पद्यते तदनन्तरं प्रयत्नः तम् अपेक्षमाणाद् यथोक्तात् सम्योगद्वयात् तोमरहस्तयोर्युगपद् आकर्षणकर्मणी भवतः । प्रसारिते च हस्ते तदाकर्षणार्थः प्रयत्नो निवर्तते तदनन्तरं तिर्यग् ऊर्ध्व दूरम् आसन्नं वा क्षिपामीतीच्छा संजायते तदनन्तरं तद्नुरूपः प्रयत्नस्तम् अपेक्षमाणस्तोमरहस्तसम्योगो नोदनाख्यः तस्मात् तोमरे कर्ंतोपन्नं नोदनापेक्षं तस्मिन् संस्कारम् आरभते ततः संस्कारनोदनाभ्यां तावत् कर्माणि भवन्ति यावद् धस्ततोमरविभाग इति ततो विभागान् नोदने निवृत्ते संस्काराद् ऊर्ध्वं तिर्यग् दूरम् आसन्नं वा प्रयत्नानुरूपाणि कर्माणि भवन्त्यापतनाद् इति ॥ १४६ ॥

paṇim ukteṣu gamanavidhiḥ | kathaṃ yadā tomaraṃ hastena gṛhītvotkṣeptum icchotpadyate tadanantaraṃ prayatnaḥ tam apekṣamāṇād yathoktāt samyogadvayāt tomarahastayoryugapad ākarṣaṇakarmaṇī bhavataḥ | prasārite ca haste tadākarṣaṇārthaḥ prayatno nivartate tadanantaraṃ tiryag ūrdhva dūram āsannaṃ vā kṣipāmītīcchā saṃjāyate tadanantaraṃ tadnurūpaḥ prayatnastam apekṣamāṇastomarahastasamyogo nodanākhyaḥ tasmāt tomare karṃtopannaṃ nodanāpekṣaṃ tasmin saṃskāram ārabhate tataḥ saṃskāranodanābhyāṃ tāvat karmāṇi bhavanti yāvad dhastatomaravibhāga iti tato vibhāgān nodane nivṛtte saṃskārād ūrdhvaṃ tiryag dūram āsannaṃ vā prayatnānurūpāṇi karmāṇi bhavantyāpatanād iti || 146 ||

Text (146): We now proceed to explain, the process of Motion in the case of things shot by the hand.

When there arises in man a desire to take hold of the mace by his hand and hurl it, this is followed by an effort on his part; and by the instrumentality of this effort, from the aforesaid two contacts there arises simultaneously in the hand and in the mace, the action of ‘contraction’ or ‘drawing’.—(V-i-1, 2).

When the arm is extended again, the effort put forth towards the contraction ceases. After this there arises in the man a desire to throw the mace either horizontally or vertically, to a distance great or small; this is followed by an effort in accordance with this desire; and by the instrumentality of this effort, is brought about the hand-mace contact which is called ‘nodana’ or impulsion; and this ‘nodana’ brings about an action in the mace, in the form of ‘impulsion’—(V-i-9, 10).

This impulsion produces in the mace a certain faculty; and from these two, Impulsion and Faculty, a number of actions go on being produced until the mace is released from the hand. When this release makes the impulsion cease, and the faculty continues to produce a number of actions tending either upward or aslant, near or far,—according to the nature of the effort put forth by the person,—until the mace falls on the ground.—(V-i-17, 13).

Commentary: The Nyāyakandalī of Śrīdhara.

(English rendering of Śrīdhara’s commentary called Nyāyakandalī or Nyāyakaṇḍalī from the 10th century)

The question having been put as to the manner in which action is produced in things shot by the hand, the author goes on to explain the process. The action of ‘drawing’ appears, as without such withdrawing or contraction of the arm, there can be no throwing. The effort put forth in the drawing in of the arm and the mace ceases by reason of the appearance of another effort tending towards the contrary action of expanding. After the expansion, as the man wishes to throw the mace either upwards or aslant, to a great distance or to a point near at hand, so is also the effort put out by him. That is to say, if he wishes to show it aslant, he puts forth an effort to that end; if he wishes to throw up, he puts forth an effort tending to that; if be wishes to throw it to a great distance, he puts forth a great effort; and if he wishes to throw it to a point near at hand, the effort be puts forth is comparatively weaker. This is what is meant by the word ‘anurūpa’............... The contact of the hand with the man is called ‘nodana’ because it is the cause of the simultaneous moving of the hand and the mace. From this ‘nodana’ or Impulsion, as aided by the aforesaid effort put forth in accordance with the man’s desire, there arises an action in the mace, and this action, through the impulsion, produces a faculty; and until the mace falls down, there continues to be produced a series of actions, by the force of and in accordance with this faculty,