Anurupa, Anurūpa, Anurūpā: 30 definitions
Introduction:
Anurupa means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Anurup.
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In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Anurūpā (अनुरूपा, “natural”) refers to one of the “three kinds of impersonation” according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 34. Accordingly, “when women impersonate female characters and men male characters, and their ages are similar to that of the characters represented, the impersonation is called ‘natural’ (anurūpā)” and “human characters as they are represented on the stage fall into three classes: natural (anurūpā), unnatural (virūpā) and imitative (rūpānusāriṇī)”.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
1) Anurūpā (अनुरूपा) is one of the twenty-four daughters of Dakṣa by Prasūti: one of the three daughters of Svāyambhuvamanu and Śatarūpā, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.1.16:—“Dakṣa begot twenty-four daughters. The eleven younger daughters were [... Anurūpā,...]. The great aspirants [Atri] and others took the hands of these famous daughters (e.g., Anurūpā married Atri). Thereupon the entire universe consisting of three worlds, mobile and immobile was filled (with progeny). Thus according to their own actions and at the bidding of Śiva innumerable famous Brahmins were born out of the various living beings”.
2) Anurūpa (अनुरूप) refers to a “suitable person (for marriage)” (as opposed to Ananurūpa—‘unsuitable’), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.33 (“The appeasement of Himavat”).—Accordingly, as Himavat (Himācala) said to the Seven Sages: “I do not see any royal paraphernalia with Śiva, He has none to support him. He has no assets. He has no kinsman. I do not wish to give my daughter to a Yogin who is extremely detached. O ye sons of the Creator of the Vedas tell me decisively. If a father were to give his daughter in marriage to an unsuitable person (ananurūpa), out of love, delusion, fear or covetousness, he is doomed. He will go to hell. Out of my own free will, I will not give her to the trident-bearing Śiva. O sages, whatever arrangement is befitting here, may kindly be carried out”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Anurūpa (अनुरूप) refers to “that which has a certain color”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 11), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The comets which are of the colour of blood or fire [i.e. anurūpa—kṣatajānalānurūpa] and with three tails are named Kauṅkuma Ketus: they are the sons of Mars and are 60 in number; they appear in the north and when they appear mankind will feel miserable. The Ketus that appear as spots in the solar and lunar discs are 33 in number. They are named as Tāmasa and Kīlaka Ketus. They are the sons of Rāhu. Their effects have been stated in the chapter on the Sun (cf. verse 7.3)”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Anurūpa (अनुरूप) refers to the “appropriate” (form of the deity), according to the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 10.39-45]—“[...] Outside of the lotus, [the Mantrin] should draw the very white śaśimaṇḍala, and outside of that [he is to draw] a square endowed with the mark of a vajra. Thus, having written [all this] with saffron, bile, and white milk he should worship in peace with an all white [offering]. In this way, he [gives] edible offerings and liquor to the appropriate (anurūpa), voracious form [of the deity]. [...]”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Shyanika-shastra (the science of Hawking and Hunting)
Anurūpa (अनुरूप) refers to “belonging to” (a certain species of hawks), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the training of hawks]: “There are different ways of taming them according to the species to which they belong (jāti-anurūpa). Therefore an enumeration of the species is given below. There are two distinctly separate divisions, namely, ‘black-eyed’ and ‘yellow-eyed.’ The subdivisions of these are many. [...]”.
Shyanika-shastra (श्यैनिकशास्त्र, śyainikaśāstra) deals with ancient Indian skill of hawking/falconry (one of the ways of hunting) which were laid down in a systematic manner in various Sanskrit treatises. It also explains the philosophy behind how the pleasures derived from sense-experience could lead the way to liberation.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Anurūpa (अनुरूप) refers to “acting in accordance with (the nature of a particular age)”, according to the Kularatnoddyota, one of the earliest Kubjikā Tantras.—Accordingly, [verse 9.44-48ab]: “[...] [Siddhanātha] will also have two types of disciples, those with divine and those with mortal forms. O goddess, from aeon to aeon in (many) greater cosmic ages they are the protectors of the unfailing Command in accord (anurūpa) with the nature of (each particular) age”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Anurūpā (अनुरूपा) refers to the “appropriate (elephant caste)” (according to the world age), according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 1, “on the origin of elephants”]: “[...] ‘State’ elephants, furnished with their characteristic marks, were produced (prevailingly) in the (‘golden’) kṛta age; elephants of the ‘slow’ caste in the (second) treta; in the (third) age called dvāpara, these elephants known as ‘deer’; in this very kali age those of ‘mixed’ caste. Here the production of elephants according to their different castes is set forth, each appropriate to its association with (its respective) world age (kālayoga-anurūpā)”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Kama-shastra (the science of Love-making)
Anurūpa (अनुरूप) refers to the “pleasing factor (of an agreeable discourse)” (between like-minded citizens), according to chapter 1.4 of Vātsyāyana’s Kāmasūtra: a Sanskrit text from the 2nd century dealing with eroticism, sexuality and emotional fulfillment in life belonging to Kāmaśāstra (the ancient Indian science of love-making).—Accordingly [while describing the technicalities of a goṣṭhī—social gatherings]: “When men of the same age, disposition and talents, fond of the same diversions and with the same degree of education, sit together in company with public women, or in an assembly of citizens, or at the abode of one among themselves, and engage in agreeable discourse (anurūpa) with each other, such is called a Sitting in company or a social gathering. [saha veśyābhiranurūpairālāpairāsanabandho goṣṭhī] [...]”.
Kamashastra (कामशास्त्र, kāmaśāstra) deals with ancient Indian science of love-making, passion, emotions and other related topics dealing with the pleasures of the senses.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Anurūpa (अनुरूप) refers to “being in accordance with (the purpose of ritual)”, according to the 10th-century Ḍākārṇava-tantra: one of the last Tibetan Tantric scriptures belonging to the Buddhist Saṃvara tradition consisting of 51 chapters.—Accordingly: [while describing the earth-circle (medinīcakra)]: “[...] The maṇḍala wheel is thus taught. He should make [it for the sake] of all [kinds of] success. [While performing a ritual to do so,] he should visualize a leader (hero) on this [maṇḍala], colored in accordance with the [purpose of] ritual (karma-anurūpa). The Earth Circle, the third, is thus [taught]. [...]”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
India history and geography
Anurūpa.—(CII 1), adequate. Note: anurūpa is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
anurūpa : (adj.) suitable; conform with.
Anurūpa, (adj.) (anu + rūpa) suitable, adequate, seeming, fit, worthy; adapted to, corresponding, conform with (-°) J.I, 91; VI, 366 (tad°); PvA.61 (ajjhāsaya° according to his wish), 128 (id.) 78, 122, 130, 155; etc. Cp. also paṭirūpa in same meaning. (Page 42)
[Pali to Burmese]
anurūpa—
(Burmese text): (၁) လျော်သော သဘောရှိသော၊ သင့်-လျော်-သင့်လျော်-သင့်တင့်-သင့်မြတ်-သင့်တော်-လျောက်ပတ်-လျော်ကန်-သော။ (န) (၂) လျော်သောအဆင်း။ (၃) တူသော အဆင်း။ (၄) သဘောအားလျော်သော။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Compatible, harmonious, or suitable. (2) Compatible characteristics. (3) Similar characteristics. (4) In agreement with the principle.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
anurupa (अनुरुप).—a or ad (S anu According to,rupa Face, form &c.) Agreeing with; according with; conformable unto; suiting, fitting, corresponding. answering. Ex. hī strī tyā puruṣāsa sarva guṇānī a0 āhē. 2 Agreeably or conformably. Ex. tumacī ā- jñā hōīla tadanurupa mī cālēna. 3 S Like, resembling, similar. In comp., as ājñānurupa, kālānurupa, dēśānurupa, sāmarthyānurupa, yōgyatānurupa.
anurūpa (अनुरूप).—a or ad Like, resembling, cor- responding to, worthy, agreeably.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Anurūpa (अनुरूप).—a. [rūpasya sadṛśaḥ yogyo vā]
1) Like, resembling, corresponding to; शब्दानुरूपेण पराक्रमेण भवितव्यम् (śabdānurūpeṇa parākrameṇa bhavitavyam) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1; worthy of; आत्मानुरूपं वरम् (ātmānurūpaṃ varam) Ś.1; रूपानुरूप (rūpānurūpa) K.192,23.
2) Suitable or fit, adapted to, according to, with gen. or in comp.; नैतदनुरूपं भवतः (naitadanurūpaṃ bhavataḥ) K.146,158; भव पितुरनुरूपस्त्वं गुणैर्लोककान्तैः (bhava pituranurūpastvaṃ guṇairlokakāntaiḥ) V.5.21; काममननुरूपमस्या वपुषो वल्कलम् (kāmamananurūpamasyā vapuṣo valkalam) Ś.1; स्वप्रमाणानुरूपैः सेचनघटैः (svapramāṇānurūpaiḥ secanaghaṭaiḥ) ibid.; सत्त्वानुरूपा सर्वस्य श्रद्धा भवति भारत (sattvānurūpā sarvasya śraddhā bhavati bhārata) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 17.3; R.1.33; Meghadūta 13
-pam 1 Resemblance, likeness, conformity.
2) Suitability, fitness; अपि जनकसुताया- स्तच्च तच्चानुरूपम् (api janakasutāyā- stacca taccānurūpam) Uttararāmacarita 6.26.
-paḥ The antistrophe, having the same metre as the स्तोत्रिय (stotriya) or strophe; the second of the three verses (tṛ) recited together, the other two being स्तोत्रिय (stotriya) and पर्यास, एकस्तोत्रियेष्वहस्सु योऽन्योऽनन्तरः सोऽनुरूपः (paryāsa, ekastotriyeṣvahassu yo'nyo'nantaraḥ so'nurūpaḥ) Āśval.
Anurūpa (अनुरूप).—mfn.
(-paḥ-pā-paṃ) 1. Like, resembling. 2. Fit, suitable. 3. According to. n.
(-paṃ) 1. Conformity. 2. Assistance 3. Mediation, friendly interposition. 4. Hindrance, check. E. anu like, and rūpa form.
Anurūpa (अनुरूप).—[anu-rūpa], adj., f. pā. Suitable, [Sāvitryupākhyāna] 2, 10; instr. peṇa, In proportion, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 206. pam, adv. According to [Daśakumāracarita] in
Anurūpa (अनुरूप).—[adjective] suitable, adequate, fit, worthy, like, resembling ([genetive] or —°); able, equal to, a match for ([genetive]); [adverb] anurūpatas.
1) Anurūpa (अनुरूप):—[=anu-rūpa] mfn. following the form, conformable, corresponding, like, fit, suitable
2) [v.s. ...] adapted to, according to
3) [v.s. ...] m. the Antistrophe which has the same metre as the Stotriya or Strophe
4) [v.s. ...] the second of three verses recited together
5) [v.s. ...] n. conformity, suitability
Anurūpa (अनुरूप):—I. [bahuvrihi compound] 1. m. f. n.
(-paḥ-pā-pam) 1) Like, resembling.
2) Fit, suitable.
3) According to. 2. m.
(-paḥ) The second of three tṛca or stanzas (each consisting of three verses) recited at a sacrificial act; of the three tṛca, for instance, in the beginning of the second portion of the Sāmaveda, upāsmai gāyata narāḥ &c., davidyutatyā rucā &c., and pavamānasya te kave &c. which form the bahiṣpavamānastotra and are recited e. g. in the dvādaśāha sacrifice, the Tṛcha which begins with the words davidyutatyā rucā is called the anurūpa. (See besides stotrīya and paryāsa.) 3. n.
(-pam) 1) Conformity, likeness, analogy (anurūpeṇa conformably, agreeably to).
2) Fitness, suitableness. Ii. Avyayībh.
(-pam) Conformably, agreeably to. E. anu and rūpa.
Anurūpa (अनुरूप):—[anu-rūpa] (paḥ-pā-paṃ) a. Like, fit.
Anurūpa (अनुरूप):—(1. anu + rūpa)
1) adj. f. ā der Form entsprechend [Vopadeva’s Grammatik 6, 61.] entsprechend, angemessen; ähnlich: anurūpo vai bharteti manasā vṛtaḥ [Sāvitryupākhyāna 2, 10.] te vai māmanurūpābhiḥ astuvan vāgbhiḥ [Arjunasamāgama 6, 24.] mit dem gen.: iṣṭayajñasya bhavataḥ strīvadho nānurūpo vai [Rāmāyaṇa 6, 72, 64.] kāmamananurūpamasyā vayaso valkalam [Śākuntala 10, 6.] devānāmanurūpā hi carantyete mahītale [Rāmāyaṇa 4, 17, 27.] anurūpo hi yuktaśca tvaṃ mamāhaṃ ca tavāpi ca [Sāvitryupākhyāna 3, 12.] [Brāhmaṇavilāpa 2, 18.] [Nalopākhyāna] [?(BOPP) 24, 24. Vetālapañcaviṃśati 19, 15. 20, 2.] tava pitu.anurūpastvaṃ guṇaiḥ [Vikramorvaśī 159.] am Ende eines comp.: sattvānurūpā sarvasya śraddhā bhavati [Bhagavadgītā 17, 3.] pramāṇānurūpaiḥ secanaghaṭaiḥ [Śākuntala 8, 23.] śabdānurūpeṇa parākrameṇa [Pañcatantra 20, 3.] [Meghadūta 13.] [Raghuvaṃśa 1, 33.] fähig, im Stande, mit dem gen. eines nom. act.: candanasārasya keyūrāmokṣaṇasya ca . vasūnāṃ ca vimokṣasya suhṛdāṃ pūjanasya ca .. anurūpāvimau bāhū [Rāmāyaṇa 2, 23, 39. 40.] —
2) m. (mit Ergänzung von pragātha, tṛca u. s. w.) die Antistrophe, welche mit der Strophe (stotriya) gleiches Metrum und gleichen Gegenstand der Anrufung hat. sārdhaṃ stotriyaṃ śastvā sārdhamanurūpaṃ śaṃset [The Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 13, 5, 1, 2.] stotriyaṃ śaṃsati . anurūpaṃ śaṃsati [Aitareyabrāhmaṇa 3, 24.] ekastotriyeṣvahassu yo nyo nantaraḥ so nurūpaḥ [Aśvalāyana’s Śrautasūtrāni 7, 2. 6, 2. 3.]
--- OR ---
Anurūpa (अनुरूप):—
1) [Taittirīyasaṃhitā 5, 1, 2, 6.] yo hi bhṛtyo niyuktaḥ sanbhartrā karmaṇi duṣkare . kuryāttadanurūpaṃ hi auf entsprechende Weise, wie es sich gehört [Spr. 2572.]
Anurūpa (अनुरूप):——
1) Adj. (f. ā) — a) entsprechend , angemessen , gleichkommend [39,3.58,5.71,12.72,13.] anurūpam , anurūpeṇa und anurūpatas entsprechend , gemäss. — b) fähig , einer Sache (Gen.) gewachsen. —
2) m. Antistrophe.
Anurupa (अनुरुप) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Aṇurua, Aṇuruva.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Anurūpa (अनुरूप) [Also spelled anurup]:—(a) like; fit; conformable, beseeming; according to; analogous; ~[tā] accordance; analogy; conformity; fittingness; similitude;—[honā] to be in accord; to correspond/conform; to be befitting.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Anurūpa (ಅನುರೂಪ):—
1) [adjective] corresponding in structure, position, character, quality, etc.; similar or identical; homologous 2) composed of similar or identical elements or parts; uniform.
2) [adjective] matching in all respects; suitable.
3) [adjective] fitting in properly; compatible.
4) [adjective] ಅನುರೂಪಮಾಗಿ [anurupamagi] anurūpamāgi (adv .) = ಅನುರೂಪವಾಗಿ [anurupavagi]; ಅನುರೂಪವಾಗಿ [anurupavagi] anurūpavāgi in a manner suitable; properly; befittingly.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Anurūpa (अनुरूप):—adj. analogous; similar; resembling;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Anu, Rupa.
Starts with (+10): Anurupaceshta, Anurupadesana, Anurupadhamma, Anurupadhammabhuta, Anurupadhammappakasana, Anurupadhammasevana, Anurupagatra, Anurupak, Anurupaka, Anurupakarma, Anurupakula, Anurupam, Anurupamaya, Anurupanana, Anurupapaccavekkhana, Anurupapaccavekkhanasahita, Anurupaparivitakkanaparidipana, Anurupapatipakkhadhammappakasana, Anurupapatipatti, Anurupapatisandhi.
Full-text (+215): Anurupam, Tadanurupa, Svanurupa, Yathanurupam, Ananurupa, Shabdanurupa, Karmanurupa, Anurupaceshta, Kammanurupa, Anurupatas, Anurupata, Sattvanurupa, Ditthianurupa, Nibbattetabbapadhananurupaditthi, Atthanurupa, Phalanurupa, Dosanurupa, Adhippayanurupa, Anurupapaccavekkhana, Byanjananurupa.
Relevant text
Search found 44 books and stories containing Anurupa, Anurūpa, Anurūpā, Anu-rupa, Anu-rūpa; (plurals include: Anurupas, Anurūpas, Anurūpās, rupas, rūpas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 2.4.268 < [Chapter 4 - Vaikuṇṭha (the spiritual world)]
Verse 2.2.131 < [Chapter 2 - Jñāna (knowledge)]
Verse 2.3.88-89 < [Chapter 3 - Bhajana (loving service)]
Krishna Sandarbha of Jiva Goswami (by Kusakratha Prabhu)
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 316 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Page 92 < [Hindi-Bengali-English Volume 1]
Page 635 < [Hindi-Bengali-English Volume 2]
Atharvaveda ancillary literature (Study) (by B. R. Modak)
Part 3.2 - The Vaitana Sutra (introduction and summary) < [Chapter 1 - Ancillary Literature of the Atharvaveda (other than the Parisistas)]
Part 2 - The Gopatha Brahmana (introduction and summary) < [Chapter 1 - Ancillary Literature of the Atharvaveda (other than the Parisistas)]
Abhijnana Shakuntalam (Sanskrit and English) (by Saradaranjan Ray)
Chapter 1 - Prathama-anka (prathamo'nkah) < [Abhijnana Shakuntalam (text, translation, notes)]
Chapter 3 - Tritiya-anka (tritiyo'nkah) < [Abhijnana Shakuntalam (text, translation, notes)]
Chapter 7 - Saptama-anka (saptamo'nkah) < [Abhijnana Shakuntalam (text, translation, notes)]
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 2.19.30 < [Chapter 19 - The Lord’s Pastimes in Advaita’s House]
Verse 2.23.49-050 < [Chapter 23 - Wandering about Navadvīpa On the Day the Lord Delivered the Kazi]
Verse 2.17.75 < [Chapter 17 - The Lord’s Wandering Throughout Navadvīpa and Descriptions of the Devotees’ Glories]