Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.217
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.217:
विभक्त्यर्थाभिधानाद् वा षष्ठी नानुप्रयुज्यते ।
द्रव्यस्यानभिधानात्तु तच्छब्दोऽनुप्रयुज्यते ॥ २१७ ॥vibhaktyarthābhidhānād vā ṣaṣṭhī nānuprayujyate |
dravyasyānabhidhānāttu tacchabdo'nuprayujyate || 217 ||217. As the bahuvrīhi expresses the meaning of the case-ending, the latter is not used in apposition to it. As it does not express the particular individual, a word expressive of it is used in apposition to it.
Commentary
The bahuvrīhi has been taught in the meaning of a word not included in it (anyapadārthe). That meaning is a combination of the meaning of a stem and of a suffix. If the compound is formed in this combined meaning, how the use of a word expressive of the particular in apposition to it is necessary has been explained so far. But the Bhāṣya has also put forward the view that the bahuvrīhi compound is formed in the meaning of the case-ending of the word not included in the compound. The use of a word in apposition to it even according to this view is now stated to be necessary.
[Read verse 217 above]
[If the bahuvrīhi expresses the meaning of the case-ending, it means that it stands for some relation or other. The particular relation is indicated by the word which comes at the end of the sentence which analyses the meaning of a bahuvrīhi. For example, the sentence citrā gāvo'sya corresponding to the compound Citraguḥ. It is the sixth case-ending which is found in the last word of this sentence. This word ending in the sixth case-affix expresses primarily the relation (of owner and owned), the meaning of the case-ending to which the meaning of the stem is subordinate. This is the anyapadārtha to denote which the compound is formed. We obtain this by following the power called abhidhā of words ]
If the bahuvrīhi expresses the meaning of a case-ending, that is, some relation, it being asattva, how to explain the gender and number of the compound? This difficulty is now stated.