Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.21
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.21:
सामानाधिकरण्यं च शब्दयोः कैश्चिदिष्यते ।
विशेषणविशेष्यत्वं संज्ञासंज्ञित्वमेव वा ॥ २१ ॥sāmānādhikaraṇyaṃ ca śabdayoḥ kaiścidiṣyate |
viśeṣaṇaviśeṣyatvaṃ saṃjñāsaṃjñitvameva vā || 21 ||21. According to some, the appositional relation is between words and so is that of the qualifier and the qualified and that of the name and the named.
Commentary
[So far, the appositional relation has been considered in connection with meanings. The two words in question may also be in apposition to each other. As the two words, meaning two different things, ultimately point to the same thing as possessing the two attributes in question, it is they which are samānādhikaraṇa towards each other. Similarly, the relation of the qualifier and the qualified (viśeṣaṇaviśeṣyabhāva) would also be between words. In the present instance, the word tila denotes something qualified by its own meaning. It just brings the universal to the mind and no other attribute. Thus, it is something to be qualified. Thirdly, the relation called saṃjñā-saṃjñi-bhāva (the relation of the name and the named) would also be between words. Wherever in the sūtras of Pāṇini, the word Vṛddhi is found, it conveys the sounds āt and aic by superimposing its own form on them. That is what is called so'yam ityabhisambandhaḥ, a process of identification on account of which the two words end in the same case-ending. One of the words is the name and the other is the named.]
The appositional relation between meanings is now explained differently.