Vaisheshika-sutra with Commentary
by Nandalal Sinha | 1923 | 149,770 words | ISBN-13: 9789332869165
The Vaisheshika-sutra 1.1.12, English translation, including commentaries such as the Upaskara of Shankara Mishra, the Vivriti of Jayanarayana-Tarkapanchanana and the Bhashya of Chandrakanta. The Vaisheshika Sutras teaches the science freedom (moksha-shastra) and the various aspects of the soul (eg., it's nature, suffering and rebirth under the law of karma). This is sutra 2 (‘difference of substance from attribute and action’) contained in Chapter 1—Of Substance, Attribute, and Action—of Book I (of the predicables).
Sūtra 1.1.12 (Difference of Substance from Attribute and Action)
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration, Word-for-word and English translation of Vaiśeṣika sūtra 1.1.12:
न द्रव्यं कारणं च भवति ॥ १.१.१२ ॥
na dravyaṃ kāraṇaṃ ca bhavati || 1.1.12 ||
na—not; dravyam—substance; kāryam—effect; kāraṇam—cause; ca—and; badhati—opposes; annihilates.
12. Substance is not annihilated either by effect or by cause.
Commentary: The Upaskāra of Śaṅkara Miśra:
(English rendering of Śaṅkara Miśra’s commentary called Upaskāra from the 15th century)
He mentions the Difference of Substance from Attribute and Action:—[Read sūtra 1.1.12 above]
Substance is not destroyed either by its own effect or by its own cause. The meaning is that the relation of the destroyer and the destroyed does not exist between two Substances which have entered into the relation of effect and cause, because, (and this is the purport), Substance is destroyed only by the destruction of the support or substratum and the destruction of the originative Conjunction.
The form ‘badhati’ (instead of the correct from ‘hanti’) is found in aphorisms.—12.