Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.78.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

रथा॑नां॒ न ये॒३॒॑ऽराः सना॑भयो जिगी॒वांसो॒ न शूरा॑ अ॒भिद्य॑वः । व॒रे॒यवो॒ न मर्या॑ घृत॒प्रुषो॑ऽभिस्व॒र्तारो॑ अ॒र्कं न सु॒ष्टुभ॑: ॥
रथानां न येऽराः सनाभयो जिगीवांसो न शूरा अभिद्यवः । वरेयवो न मर्या घृतप्रुषोऽभिस्वर्तारो अर्कं न सुष्टुभः ॥
rathānāṃ na ye 'rāḥ sanābhayo jigīvāṃso na śūrā abhidyavaḥ | vareyavo na maryā ghṛtapruṣo 'bhisvartāro arkaṃ na suṣṭubhaḥ ||

English translation:

“Who (are) united to a common centre like the spokes (of the wheels) of chariots, brilliant like victoriousheroes, sprinkling water like benevolent men, sweet-voiced like men who recite praise.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): syūmaraśmirbhārgavaḥ [syūmaraśmirbhārgava];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): marūtaḥ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

रथा॑नाम् । न । ये । अ॒राः । सऽना॑भयः । जि॒गी॒वांसः॑ । न । शूराः॑ । अ॒भिऽद्य॑वः । व॒रे॒ऽयवः॑ । न । मर्याः॑ । घृ॒त॒ऽप्रुषः॑ । अ॒भि॒ऽस्व॒र्तारः॑ । अ॒र्कम् । न । सु॒ऽस्तुभः॑ ॥
रथानाम् । न । ये । अराः । सनाभयः । जिगीवांसः । न । शूराः । अभिद्यवः । वरेयवः । न । मर्याः । घृतप्रुषः । अभिस्वर्तारः । अर्कम् । न । सुस्तुभः ॥
rathānām | na | ye | arāḥ | sa-nābhayaḥ | jigīvāṃsaḥ | na | śūrāḥ | abhi-dyavaḥ | vare--yavaḥ | na | maryāḥ | ghṛta-pruṣaḥ | abhi-svartāraḥ | arkam | na | su-stubhaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.78.4 English analysis of grammar]

rathānāṃ < rathānām < ratha

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

'rāḥ < arāḥ < ara

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

sanābhayo < sanābhayaḥ < sanābhi

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“kindred.”

jigīvāṃso < jigīvāṃsaḥ < ji

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“overcome; cure; win; conquer; control; win; succeed; remove; beat; govern; surpass; suppress.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

śūrā < śūrāḥ < śūra

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“hero; cock; śūra; Śūra; Vatica robusta; Plumbago zeylanica; warrior; hero; attacker; lentil; wild boar; lion; dog.”

abhidyavaḥ < abhidyu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“celestial; brilliant.”

vareyavo < vareyavaḥ < vareyu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

maryā < maryāḥ < marya

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“young buck; boyfriend.”

ghṛtapruṣo < ghṛtapruṣaḥ < ghṛtapruṣ

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

'bhisvartāro < abhisvartāraḥ < abhisvartṛ

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

arkaṃ < arkam < arka

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sun; copper; Surya; hymn; twelve; fire; beam.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

suṣṭubhaḥ < suṣṭubh

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

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