Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.90.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वं दा॒ता प्र॑थ॒मो राध॑साम॒स्यसि॑ स॒त्य ई॑शान॒कृत् । तु॒वि॒द्यु॒म्नस्य॒ युज्या वृ॑णीमहे पु॒त्रस्य॒ शव॑सो म॒हः ॥
त्वं दाता प्रथमो राधसामस्यसि सत्य ईशानकृत् । तुविद्युम्नस्य युज्या वृणीमहे पुत्रस्य शवसो महः ॥
tvaṃ dātā prathamo rādhasām asy asi satya īśānakṛt | tuvidyumnasya yujyā vṛṇīmahe putrasya śavaso mahaḥ ||

English translation:

“You are the chief giver of wealth, you are truthful and make your worshippers rulers; we solicit(blessings) worthy of you, lord of vast riches, mighty son of strength.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

I.e. produced as the cause of strength, inorder to destroy enemies (RV 8.92.14); this strength or victory through strength, is the final cause of hisproduction or manifestation by the rite; and the final causse being then taken for the efficient, strenth may thus becalled the father

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nṛmedhapurumedhau;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛtpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वम् । दा॒ता । प्र॒थ॒मः । राध॑साम् । अ॒सि॒ । असि॑ । स॒त्यः । ई॒शा॒न॒ऽकृत् । तु॒वि॒ऽद्यु॒म्नस्य॑ । युज्या॑ । आ । वृ॒णी॒म॒हे॒ । पु॒त्रस्य॑ । शव॑सः । म॒हः ॥
त्वम् । दाता । प्रथमः । राधसाम् । असि । असि । सत्यः । ईशानकृत् । तुविद्युम्नस्य । युज्या । आ । वृणीमहे । पुत्रस्य । शवसः । महः ॥
tvam | dātā | prathamaḥ | rādhasām | asi | asi | satyaḥ | īśāna-kṛt | tuvi-dyumnasya | yujyā | ā | vṛṇīmahe | putrasya | śavasaḥ | mahaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.90.2 English analysis of grammar]

tvaṃ < tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

dātā < dātṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“giving; big.”

prathamo < prathamaḥ < prathama

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”

rādhasām < rādhas

[noun], genitive, plural, neuter

“gift; munificence; liberality; bounty.”

asy < asi < as

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

asi < as

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

satya < satyaḥ < satya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“true; real; real; faithful; good.”

īśānakṛt < īśāna < īś

[verb noun]

“govern; command; master; dominate; can; reign; control; own.”

īśānakṛt < kṛt

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“causing; making; performing; promotive; producing; doing; acting; writing; transforming; effecting.”

tuvidyumnasya < tuvi

[noun]

“mighty; very; diverse; much(a); many.”

tuvidyumnasya < dyumnasya < dyumna

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“magnificence.”

yujyā < yujya

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

vṛṇīmahe < vṛ

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“choose; ask.”

putrasya < putra

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“son; putra [word]; male child; Putra; Bodhisattva.”

śavaso < śavasaḥ < śavas

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“strength; power; superiority.”

mahaḥ < mah

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”

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