Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 7.77.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उपो॑ रुरुचे युव॒तिर्न योषा॒ विश्वं॑ जी॒वं प्र॑सु॒वन्ती॑ च॒रायै॑ । अभू॑द॒ग्निः स॒मिधे॒ मानु॑षाणा॒मक॒र्ज्योति॒र्बाध॑माना॒ तमां॑सि ॥
उपो रुरुचे युवतिर्न योषा विश्वं जीवं प्रसुवन्ती चरायै । अभूदग्निः समिधे मानुषाणामकर्ज्योतिर्बाधमाना तमांसि ॥
upo ruruce yuvatir na yoṣā viśvaṃ jīvam prasuvantī carāyai | abhūd agniḥ samidhe mānuṣāṇām akar jyotir bādhamānā tamāṃsi ||
English translation:
“Uṣas shines radiant in the proximity (of the sun), like a youthful wife (in the presence of her husband),animating all existence to activity; Agni is to be kindled for the good of men; the light disperses the obstructingdarkness.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): uṣāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उपो॒ इति॑ । रु॒रु॒चे॒ । यु॒व॒तिः । न । योषा॑ । विश्व॑म् । जी॒वम् । प्र॒ऽसु॒वन्ती॑ । च॒रायै॑ । अभू॑त् । अ॒ग्निः । स॒म्ऽइधे॑ । मानु॑षाणाम् । अकः॑ । ज्योतिः॑ । बाध॑माना । तमां॑सि ॥
उपो इति । रुरुचे । युवतिः । न । योषा । विश्वम् । जीवम् । प्रसुवन्ती । चरायै । अभूत् । अग्निः । सम्इधे । मानुषाणाम् । अकः । ज्योतिः । बाधमाना । तमांसि ॥
upo iti | ruruce | yuvatiḥ | na | yoṣā | viśvam | jīvam | pra-suvantī | carāyai | abhūt | agniḥ | sam-idhe | mānuṣāṇām | akaḥ | jyotiḥ | bādhamānā | tamāṃsi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 7.77.1 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; on; next.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“please; shine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“girl; woman.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“woman; puppet; daughter.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“live; alive(p); amṛta.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“give birth; be born; originate; impel; propel; grow.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb noun]
“kindle; blaze.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“man; man.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“light; star; luminosity; fire; jyotis [word]; digestion; planet; light; sunlight.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“afflict; annoy; chase away; tease; grieve; irritate.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“dark; darkness; Tamas; tamas [word]; faint; tamas; gloom; ignorance.”