Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.19.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्रि॒यं दु॒ग्धं न काम्य॒मजा॑मि जा॒म्योः सचा॑ । घ॒र्मो न वाज॑जठ॒रोऽद॑ब्ध॒: शश्व॑तो॒ दभ॑: ॥
प्रियं दुग्धं न काम्यमजामि जाम्योः सचा । घर्मो न वाजजठरोऽदब्धः शश्वतो दभः ॥
priyaṃ dugdhaṃ na kāmyam ajāmi jāmyoḥ sacā | gharmo na vājajaṭharo 'dabdhaḥ śaśvato dabhaḥ ||

English translation:

“May (Agni) with his two relatives, (heaven and earth), hear this faultless (praise), acceptable as milk; he who, like the mixed oblation, is filled with food, and unsubsdued, is ever the subduer of his foes.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

He who, like the mixed oblations, is filled with food: gharmo na vājajaṭharaḥ, he in whose belly is food like the gharmaḥ; the ordinary sense is warm, hot and day; it is further identified with the ceremony called pravargya: pravargya iva gharmo yathā havyenājyenapayasā siktā, like the pravargya the gharma, sprinkled with the oblation butter and milk;

Gharma = a vessel, a pitcher

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vavrirātreyaḥ [vavrirātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriguṣṇik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्रि॒यम् । दु॒ग्धम् । न । काम्य॑म् । अजा॑मि । जा॒म्योः । सचा॑ । घ॒र्मः । न । वाज॑ऽजठरः । अद॑ब्धः । शश्व॑तः । दभः॑ ॥
प्रियम् । दुग्धम् । न । काम्यम् । अजामि । जाम्योः । सचा । घर्मः । न । वाजजठरः । अदब्धः । शश्वतः । दभः ॥
priyam | dugdham | na | kāmyam | ajāmi | jāmyoḥ | sacā | gharmaḥ | na | vāja-jaṭharaḥ | adabdhaḥ | śaśvataḥ | dabhaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.19.4 English analysis of grammar]

priyaṃ < priyam < priya

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“beloved; pleasant; dear; fond(p); wanted; priya [word]; favorite; good; liked; suitable; proper.”

dugdhaṃ < dugdham < dugdha

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“milk; milky juice.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

kāmyam < kāmya

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“desirable; optional; beautiful.”

ajāmi

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“unrelated; foreign-born.”

jāmyoḥ < jāmi

[noun], genitive, dual, masculine

“related; ancestral; customary; usual.”

sacā

[adverb]

“jointly.”

gharmo < gharmaḥ < gharma

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“sunlight; heat; summer; Gharma; Gharma; boiler; perspiration; caldron.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

vājajaṭharo < vāja

[noun], masculine

“prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”

vājajaṭharo < jaṭharaḥ < jaṭhara

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“abdomen; udara; Jaṭhara; edema; garbha; inside; stomach; belly.”

'dabdhaḥ < adabdhaḥ < adabdha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“unfailing; unimpaired.”

śaśvato < śaśvataḥ < śaśvat

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“all(a); each(a).”

dabhaḥ < dabha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“damaging.”

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