Gharma: 15 definitions
Introduction:
Gharma means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Gharma (घर्म).—A King of the Aṅga royal dynasty.
Gharma (घर्म) refers to “heat”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.22 (“Description of Pārvatī’s penance”).—Accordingly, after Menā spoke to Pārvatī: “[...] Performing such austerities and engrossed in the muttering of the five-syllabled mantra, Pārvatī meditated on Śiva, the bestower of fruits of our cherished desires. Everyday during leisure time she used to water the trees planted by her along with her maids and extended acts of hospitality. Chill gusts of wind, cool showers, and unbearable heat [i.e., gharma] she bore with equanimity”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Gharma (घर्म) refers to the “summer”, mentioned in verse 3.56-57 of the Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā (Sūtrasthāna) by Vāgbhaṭa.—Accordingly, “to sum up, in autumn and spring rough, in summer [viz., gharma] and autumn [ghanānta] cold, in seasons other than these opposite food and drink; always constant use of all flavours, (but) in each season superiority of its own respective (flavour)”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Gharma (घर्म) refers to “body heat”, according to the Amanaska Yoga treatise dealing with meditation, absorption, yogic powers and liberation.—Accordingly, as Īśvara says to Vāmadeva: “[...] [Now], I shall define the nature of that highest, mind-free absorption which arises for those devoted to constant practice. [...] For a Yogin who is in an absorption for a period of six moments, loss of body heat (gharma-śānti), sleep and fainting may occur repeatedly. [...]”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Gharma (घर्म) refers to “(being tormented by) heat”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 41).—Accordingly, “[Digression on a case brought against the Buddha; B. The defense].—[4. Insults to the Disciples].—[...] But beings who do not understand the mind of the Buddha seek out faults in his words. If beings knew with what good intentions (adhyāśaya) the Buddha has pity on them, they would joyously throw themselves into a great fire if he asked them to, and that with as much enthusiasm as a person tormented by heat (gharma-ārta) throws himself into a clear cool pool. And all the more so, why not accept his words? [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
gharma (घर्म).—m (S) Sweat or perspiration. See the derivative ghāma.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Gharma (घर्म).—a. [gharati aṅgāt; ghṛ-seke kartari mak ni° guṇaḥ Uṇādi-sūtra 1.146] Hot.
-rmaḥ 1 Heat, warmth; घर्मार्तं न तथा सुशीतलजलैः स्नानम् (gharmārtaṃ na tathā suśītalajalaiḥ snānam) H.1.93; Uttararāmacarita 3.5.
2) The hot season, summer; निःश्वासहार्यांशुकमाजगाम घर्मः प्रियावेशमिवोपदेष्टुम् (niḥśvāsahāryāṃśukamājagāma gharmaḥ priyāveśamivopadeṣṭum) R.16.49; Uttararāmacarita 2.9.
3) Sweat, perspiration; अघर्मघर्मोदक- बिन्दुमौक्तिकैरलंचकारास्य वधूरहस्करः (agharmagharmodaka- bindumauktikairalaṃcakārāsya vadhūrahaskaraḥ) Śiśupālavadha 1.58.
4) A cauldron, boiler.
5) Sunshine;
6) A cavity in the earth shaped like a boiler.
7) A hot day.
8) Ved. A sacrifice.
9) Juice.
1) Milk (of cows).
11) The प्रवर्ग्य (pravargya) ceremony.
12) A kind of deity; घर्मः स्यादातपे ग्रीष्मे प्रवर्ग्ये देवतान्तरे (gharmaḥ syādātape grīṣme pravargye devatāntare) |
Gharma (घर्म).—i. e. ghṛ + ma, m. 1. Heat, [Pañcatantra] 80, 7. 2. The hot season, [Rāmāyaṇa] 1, 63, 24.
— Cf. [Latin] formus (Fest.). feumentum; [Old High German.] waram; A. S. wearm; and ghri.
Gharma (घर्म).—[masculine] heat, warmth; any hot (sacrificial) beverage, [especially] milk; boiler, cauldron; also = seq.
1) Gharma (घर्म):—m. (√2. ghṛ) heat, warmth (of the sun or of fire), sunshine, [Ṛg-veda; Atharva-veda] etc.
2) the hot season, [Rāmāyaṇa i, 63, 24; Raghuvaṃśa xvi, 43; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]
3) internal heat, [Rāmāyaṇa ii, 75, 45] ([varia lectio])
4) perspiration, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) day (opposed to night), [Jyotiṣa] (Yv) 9
6) a cauldron, boiler, [especially] the vessel in which the milk-offering to the Aśvins is boiled, [Ṛg-veda; Atharva-veda vii; Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā viii, 61; Aitareya-brāhmaṇa i; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa xiv; Lāṭyāyana]
7) a cavity in the earth shaped like a cauldron (from which Atri was rescued by the Aśvins; ‘heat’ [Grassmann]), [Ṛg-veda]
8) hot milk or any other hot beverage offered as an oblation ([especially] to the Aśvins), [Ṛg-veda; Atharva-veda iv, 1, 2; Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā xxxviii; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa iv, xiv; Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Āśvalāyana-śrauta-sūtra]
9) Name of Tāpasa (author of [Ṛg-veda x, 114])
10) of Saurya (author of 181, 3)
11) of a son of Anu (father of Ghṛta), [Harivaṃśa 1840] ([varia lectio])
12) cf. θερμός, θέρμη; [Latin] formus; [Zend] garĕma; [Gothic] varmya; [German] warm.
Gharma (घर्म):—(rmmaḥ) 1. m. Heat, perspiration.
Gharma (घर्म):—
--- OR ---
Gharma (घर्म):—
1) [Taittirīyabrāhmaṇa 1, 5, 5, 2.] [Pañcaviṃśabrāhmaṇa 20, 15, 2.] vāsantikī niśā prāptā na śītā na ca gharmadā [Rāmāyaṇa 7, 60, 1.] Tag (im Gegens. zur Nacht) [WEBER, Jyotiṣa 29.] —
4) [Aitareyabrāhmaṇa 1, 21.] [Kātyāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 26, 4, 10.] [LĀṬY. 1, 6, 25.] —
5) Tāpasa, angeblicher Verfasser von [Ṛgveda 10, 114.] Saurya — von [181, 3.]
Gharma (घर्म):—m. —
1) Glut , Wärme ; sowohl Sonnenhitze als Feuersglut. —
2) die heisse Jahreszeit. —
3) Kessel , namentlich das Gefäss , welches zum Heissmachen der Milch für das Aśvin-Opfer dient. —
4) heisse Milch oder ein sonstiger heisser Opfertrank , insbes. der Aśvin. —
5) *Schweiss. —
6) Tag (im Gegensatz zur Nacht). —
7) Nomen proprium verschiedener Männer. — gharmam [Rāmāyaṇa 2,75,45] fehlerhaft für dīrgham wie ed. Bomb. ([2,75,65]) liest.
Gharma (घर्म) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ghamma, Ghammā.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Gharma (ಘರ್ಮ):—[adjective] having a high temperature; characterised by a relatively or abnormally high temperature; very warm; hot.
--- OR ---
Gharma (ಘರ್ಮ):—
1) [noun] the quality of being hot; hotness; heat.
2) [noun] a state of increased body temperature caused by exercise, ovulation, infections, etc.; fever; pyrexia.
3) [noun] the warmest season of the year; summer season.
4) [noun] the clear, alkaline, salty liquid given forth in drops through the pores of the skin; perspiration; sweat.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): The, The, Gharma, Te.
Starts with (+24): Gharmabhanu, Gharmabindu, Gharmacarccika, Gharmacarcika, Gharmaccheda, Gharmacheda, Gharmada, Gharmadidhiti, Gharmadudha, Gharmadugha, Gharmaduh, Gharmadyuti, Gharmaga, Gharmajala, Gharmajati, Gharmakala, Gharmakana, Gharmamasa, Gharmambhas, Gharmambu.
Full-text (+93): Gharmambu, Gharmamshu, Gharmanta, Gharmadyuti, Gharmodaka, Gharmapayas, Gharmarashmi, Gharmakala, Gharmadidhiti, Gharmambhas, Gharmajala, Agharma, Gharmacarcika, Sudirghagharma, Gharmastubh, Gharmasveda, Gharmadugha, Gharmavicarcika, Gharmavari, Gharmapavan.
Relevant text
Search found 45 books and stories containing Gharma, Gharmā, The gharma; (plurals include: Gharmas, Gharmās, The gharmas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Nirukta and the Vedic interpretation (study) (by Shruti S. Pradhan)
Page 63 < [Chapter 7 - Group “G”]
Page 132 < [Chapter 1 - Group “A”]
Page 37 < [Chapter 8 - Group “H”]
Brihaddevata attributed to Shaunaka (by Arthur Anthony Macdonell)
Part 3 - Deities of Rigveda X.102-103; The Khila of Nakula < [Chapter 8 - Deities of Rigveda X.98-191 (1-98); Conclusion (99-140)]
Part 17 - Deities of Rigveda X.182-184 < [Chapter 8 - Deities of Rigveda X.98-191 (1-98); Conclusion (99-140)]
Part 7 - Rnamcaya's gifts to Babhru < [Chapter 5 - Deities of Rigveda IV.33–VII.49]
The Agnistoma Somayaga in the Shukla Yajurveda (by Madan Haloi)
Part 2.5: The Pravargya rite < [Chapter 4 - The Agniṣṭoma Ritual]
Nighantu (critical study) (by Gopalakrishna N. Bhat)
Part 9 - Aharnamani (Ahan Nama) < [Chapter 3 - First Adhyaya (chapter) of the Nighantu (study)]
Bharadvaja-srauta-sutra (by C. G. Kashikar)