Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 4.20.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ न॒ इन्द्रो॑ दू॒रादा न॑ आ॒साद॑भिष्टि॒कृदव॑से यासदु॒ग्रः । ओजि॑ष्ठेभिर्नृ॒पति॒र्वज्र॑बाहुः सं॒गे स॒मत्सु॑ तु॒र्वणि॑: पृत॒न्यून् ॥
आ न इन्द्रो दूरादा न आसादभिष्टिकृदवसे यासदुग्रः । ओजिष्ठेभिर्नृपतिर्वज्रबाहुः संगे समत्सु तुर्वणिः पृतन्यून् ॥
ā na indro dūrād ā na āsād abhiṣṭikṛd avase yāsad ugraḥ | ojiṣṭhebhir nṛpatir vajrabāhuḥ saṃge samatsu turvaṇiḥ pṛtanyūn ||

English translation:

“May the illustrious Indra, the granter of desires, come to us, whether from afar or nigh, for our protection; he who is the lord of men, armed with the thunderbolt, overcoming his foes in conflict and in combats, (attended) by the most illustrious (Maruts).”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ । नः॒ । इन्द्रः॑ । दू॒रात् । आ । नः॒ । आ॒सात् । अ॒भि॒ष्टि॒ऽकृत् । अव॑से । या॒स॒त् । उ॒ग्रः । ओजि॑ष्ठेभिः । नृ॒ऽपतिः॑ । वज्र॑ऽबाहुः । स॒म्ऽगे । स॒मत्ऽसु॑ । पृ॒त॒न्यून् ॥
आ । नः । इन्द्रः । दूरात् । आ । नः । आसात् । अभिष्टिकृत् । अवसे । यासत् । उग्रः । ओजिष्ठेभिः । नृपतिः । वज्रबाहुः । सम्गे । समत्सु । पृतन्यून् ॥
ā | naḥ | indraḥ | dūrāt | ā | naḥ | āsāt | abhiṣṭi-kṛt | avase | yāsat | ugraḥ | ojiṣṭhebhiḥ | nṛ-patiḥ | vajra-bāhuḥ | sam-ge | samat-su | pṛtanyūn

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 4.20.1 English analysis of grammar]

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

na < naḥ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

indro < indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

dūrād < dūrāt

[adverb]

“far.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

na < naḥ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

āsād < āsāt

[adverb]

“nearby.”

abhiṣṭikṛd < abhiṣṭi

[noun], feminine

“prevalence; protection.”

abhiṣṭikṛd < kṛt

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“causing; making; performing; promotive; producing; doing; acting; writing; transforming; effecting.”

avase < av

[verb noun]

“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

yāsad < yāsat <

[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.

“go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”

ugraḥ < ugra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”

ojiṣṭhebhir < ojiṣṭhebhiḥ < ojiṣṭha

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“powerful.”

nṛpatir < nṛpatiḥ < nṛpati

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“king.”

vajrabāhuḥ < vajra

[noun], masculine

“vajra; Vajra; vajra; vajra; lightning; abhra; vajramūṣā; diamond; vajra [word]; vajrakapāṭa; vajra; vaikrānta.”

vajrabāhuḥ < bāhuḥ < bāhu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“arm; bāhu [word]; elbow; forefoot.”

saṃge < saṃga

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“war; conflict.”

samatsu < samad

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“conflict; strife.”

turvaṇiḥ < turvaṇi

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“victorious; overpowering.”

pṛtanyūn < pṛtanyu

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“enemy; attacker.”

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