Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.4.8
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अर्चा॑मि ते सुम॒तिं घोष्य॒र्वाक्सं ते॑ वा॒वाता॑ जरतामि॒यं गीः । स्वश्वा॑स्त्वा सु॒रथा॑ मर्जयेमा॒स्मे क्ष॒त्राणि॑ धारये॒रनु॒ द्यून् ॥
अर्चामि ते सुमतिं घोष्यर्वाक्सं ते वावाता जरतामियं गीः । स्वश्वास्त्वा सुरथा मर्जयेमास्मे क्षत्राणि धारयेरनु द्यून् ॥
arcāmi te sumatiṃ ghoṣy arvāk saṃ te vāvātā jaratām iyaṃ gīḥ | svaśvās tvā surathā marjayemāsme kṣatrāṇi dhārayer anu dyūn ||
English translation:
“I reverence your good favour, Agni; may this reiterated and resounding hymn convey due praise to your presence; may we be possessed of good horses and good cars, that we may pay you homage; and do you daily bestow upon us riches.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Good horses and good cars: a metaphor: may we, being with the sons, grandsons worship you
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): rakṣohā'gniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अर्चा॑मि । ते॒ । सु॒ऽम॒तिम् । घोषि॑ । अ॒र्वाक् । सम् । ते॒ । व॒वाता॑ । ज॒र॒ता॒म् । इ॒यम् । गीः । सु॒ऽअश्वाः॑ । त्वा॒ । सु॒ऽरथाः॑ । म॒र्ज॒ये॒म॒ । अ॒स्मे इति॑ । क्ष॒त्राणि॑ । धा॒र॒येः॒ । अनु॑ । द्यून् ॥
अर्चामि । ते । सुमतिम् । घोषि । अर्वाक् । सम् । ते । ववाता । जरताम् । इयम् । गीः । सुअश्वाः । त्वा । सुरथाः । मर्जयेम । अस्मे इति । क्षत्राणि । धारयेः । अनु । द्यून् ॥
arcāmi | te | su-matim | ghoṣi | arvāk | sam | te | vavātā | jaratām | iyam | gīḥ | su-aśvāḥ | tvā | su-rathāḥ | marjayema | asme iti | kṣatrāṇi | dhārayeḥ | anu | dyūn
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.4.8 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“sing; worship; honor; praise; welcome.”
[noun], dative, singular
“you.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“benevolence; favor; Sumati.”
[verb], singular, Aorist passive
[adverb]
“here.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[noun], dative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“sing.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[verb], plural, Present optative
[noun], locative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“Kshatriya; dominion; Kshatriya; kṣatra [word]; power.”
[verb], singular, Present optative
“keep; sustain; put; hold; wear; hold; carry; keep alive; suppress; preserve; remember; stow; stop; have; fill into; endure; support; understand; fixate; govern; restrain.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”