Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.31.11
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स जा॒तेभि॑र्वृत्र॒हा सेदु॑ ह॒व्यैरुदु॒स्रिया॑ असृज॒दिन्द्रो॑ अ॒र्कैः । उ॒रू॒च्य॑स्मै घृ॒तव॒द्भर॑न्ती॒ मधु॒ स्वाद्म॑ दुदुह॒अ जेन्या॒ गौः ॥
स जातेभिर्वृत्रहा सेदु हव्यैरुदुस्रिया असृजदिन्द्रो अर्कैः । उरूच्यस्मै घृतवद्भरन्ती मधु स्वाद्म दुदुहे जेन्या गौः ॥
sa jātebhir vṛtrahā sed u havyair ud usriyā asṛjad indro arkaiḥ | urūcy asmai ghṛtavad bharantī madhu svādma duduhe jenyā gauḥ ||
English translation:
“Indra, the slayer of Vṛtra,let loose the milch kine, assisted by the Maruts, born for his aid, and entitled to praises and oblations, and the excellent (cows) contributing abundantly to sacred offerings, and yielding the butter of libation, milked for him sweet (sacrificial) food.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gāthino viśvāmitraḥ, aiṣīrathīḥ kuśiko vā [gāthina viśvāmitra, aiṣīrathīḥ kuśika vā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭtriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सः । जा॒तेभिः॑ । वृ॒त्र॒ऽहा । सः । इत् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । ह॒व्यैः । उत् । उ॒स्रियाः॑ । अ॒सृ॒ज॒त् । इन्द्रः॑ । अ॒र्कैः । उ॒रू॒ची । अ॒स्मै॒ । घृ॒तऽव॑त् । भर॑न्ती । मधु॑ । स्वाद्म॑ । दु॒दु॒हे॒ । जेन्या॑ । गौः ॥
सः । जातेभिः । वृत्रहा । सः । इत् । ऊँ इति । हव्यैः । उत् । उस्रियाः । असृजत् । इन्द्रः । अर्कैः । उरूची । अस्मै । घृतवत् । भरन्ती । मधु । स्वाद्म । दुदुहे । जेन्या । गौः ॥
saḥ | jātebhiḥ | vṛtra-hā | saḥ | it | oṃ iti | havyaiḥ | ut | usriyāḥ | asṛjat | indraḥ | arkaiḥ | urūcī | asmai | ghṛta-vat | bharantī | madhu | svādma | duduhe | jenyā | gauḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.31.11 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb noun], instrumental, plural
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
“Havya; offering; havya [word].”
[adverb]
“up.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“cow; dairy product.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sun; copper; Surya; hymn; twelve; fire; beam.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“extensive; wide.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“buttery.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“preference; sweetness.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“milk.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“noble.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”