Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.17.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒मि॒ध्यमा॑नः प्रथ॒मानु॒ धर्मा॒ सम॒क्तुभि॑रज्यते वि॒श्ववा॑रः । शो॒चिष्के॑शो घृ॒तनि॑र्णिक्पाव॒कः सु॑य॒ज्ञो अ॒ग्निर्य॒जथा॑य दे॒वान् ॥
समिध्यमानः प्रथमानु धर्मा समक्तुभिरज्यते विश्ववारः । शोचिष्केशो घृतनिर्णिक्पावकः सुयज्ञो अग्निर्यजथाय देवान् ॥
samidhyamānaḥ prathamānu dharmā sam aktubhir ajyate viśvavāraḥ | śociṣkeśo ghṛtanirṇik pāvakaḥ suyajño agnir yajathāya devān ||
English translation:
“The righteous (Agni) when first kindled on the several (altars) the object of adoration by all, whose hair is flame, and who is cleansed with butter, the purifier, the worthy-worshipped, is sprinkled with oblations for the worship of the gods.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The righteous Agni: prathamānudharmā: dharma is a synonym of agni; or, the construction may be anudharma, according to law or religion
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kato vaiśvāmitraḥ [kata vaiśvāmitra];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒म्ऽइ॒ध्यमा॑नः । प्र॒थ॒मा । अनु॑ । धर्म॑ । सम् । अ॒क्तुऽभिः॑ । अ॒ज्य॒ते॒ । वि॒श्वऽवा॑रः । शो॒चिःऽके॑शः । घृ॒तऽनि॑र्निक् । पा॒व॒कः । सु॒ऽय॒ज्ञः । अ॒ग्निः । य॒जथा॑य । दे॒वान् ॥
सम्इध्यमानः । प्रथमा । अनु । धर्म । सम् । अक्तुभिः । अज्यते । विश्ववारः । शोचिःकेशः । घृतनिर्निक् । पावकः । सुयज्ञः । अग्निः । यजथाय । देवान् ॥
sam-idhyamānaḥ | prathamā | anu | dharma | sam | aktu-bhiḥ | ajyate | viśva-vāraḥ | śociḥ-keśaḥ | ghṛta-nirnik | pāvakaḥ | su-yajñaḥ | agniḥ | yajathāya | devān
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.17.1 English analysis of grammar]
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“kindle; blaze.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“Dharma; custom; dharma [word]; regulation; duty; Dharma; Dharma; Dharma; Dharma; law; law; peculiarity; justice.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“night; dark; beam.”
[verb], singular, Indikativ Pr￤s. Passiv
“smear; anoint; mix; color.”
[noun]
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“treasure; choice.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Agni.”
[noun], neuter
“ghee; fat.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“attire; garment.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; Plumbago zeylanica; vahni.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“yajña.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”