Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.155.6

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

च॒तुर्भि॑: सा॒कं न॑व॒तिं च॒ नाम॑भिश्च॒क्रं न वृ॒त्तं व्यतीँ॑रवीविपत् । बृ॒हच्छ॑रीरो वि॒मिमा॑न॒ ऋक्व॑भि॒र्युवाकु॑मार॒: प्रत्ये॑त्याह॒वम् ॥
चतुर्भिः साकं नवतिं च नामभिश्चक्रं न वृत्तं व्यतीँरवीविपत् । बृहच्छरीरो विमिमान ऋक्वभिर्युवाकुमारः प्रत्येत्याहवम् ॥
caturbhiḥ sākaṃ navatiṃ ca nāmabhiś cakraṃ na vṛttaṃ vyatīm̐r avīvipat | bṛhaccharīro vimimāna ṛkvabhir yuvākumāraḥ praty ety āhavam ||

English translation:

“He causes, by his gyrations, ninety and four periodical revolutions, like a circular wheel, vast of body, and evolving in many forms, through the praises (addressed to him); ever young, though not infantine, he comes at our invocations.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Ninety and four periodical revolutions: viṣṇu = time, comprising ninet-four periods; the year, two solstices, five seasons, twelve months, twenty-four half months, thirty days, eight watches, and twelve zodiacal signs; though not infantine: yuvā akumāraḥ, young a boy;

Akumāraḥ = analpaḥ, not little

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viṣṇuḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

च॒तुःऽभिः॑ । सा॒कम् । न॒व॒तिम् । च॒ । नाम॑ऽभिः । च॒क्रम् । न । वृ॒त्तम् । व्यती॑न् । अ॒वी॒वि॒प॒त् । बृ॒हत्ऽश॑रीरः । वि॒ऽमिमा॑नः । ऋक्व॑ऽभिः । युवा॑ । अकु॑मारः । प्रति॑ । ए॒ति॒ । आ॒ऽह॒वम् ॥
चतुःभिः । साकम् । नवतिम् । च । नामभिः । चक्रम् । न । वृत्तम् । व्यतीन् । अवीविपत् । बृहत्शरीरः । विमिमानः । ऋक्वभिः । युवा । अकुमारः । प्रति । एति । आहवम् ॥
catuḥ-bhiḥ | sākam | navatim | ca | nāma-bhiḥ | cakram | na | vṛttam | vyatīn | avīvipat | bṛhat-śarīraḥ | vi-mimānaḥ | ṛkva-bhiḥ | yuvā | akumāraḥ | prati | et i | āhavam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.155.6 English analysis of grammar]

caturbhiḥ < catur

[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter

“four; catur [word].”

sākaṃ < sākam

[adverb]

“together; jointly; simultaneously.”

navatiṃ < navatim < navati

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“ninety; navati [word].”

ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

nāmabhiś < nāmabhiḥ < nāman

[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter

“name; appellation; nāman [word]; nāmakaraṇa; surname; noun; word.”

cakraṃ < cakram < cakra

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“wheel; Cakra; discus; army; cakra; oil mill; cakrikā; cakra; group.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

vṛttaṃ < vṛttam < vṛt

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“behave; happen; exist; return; dwell; die; roll; continue; act; exist; feed on; issue; move; travel; proceed; turn; situate; drive; account for; begin; do; inhere; revolve.”

vyatīṃr < vyatīn < vyati

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

avīvipat < vip

[verb], singular, Redupl. Aorist (Ind.)

“tremble.”

bṛhaccharīro < bṛhat

[noun]

“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

bṛhaccharīro < śarīraḥ < śarīra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“body; human body; body part; body; body; strength.”

vimimāna < vimimānaḥ < vimā < √mā

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“arrange; distribute; barter; measure; fixate.”

ṛkvabhir < ṛkvabhiḥ < ṛkvan

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“singing.”

yuvākumāraḥ < yuvā < yuvan

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“young person; yuvan [word]; taruṇabandha; yuvan; yuvan; young buck; young.”

yuvākumāraḥ < a

[adverb]

“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

yuvākumāraḥ < kumāraḥ < kumāra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“prince; male child; child; Skanda; son; kumārabandha; kumāra [word]; young person.”

praty < prati

[adverb]

“towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”

ety < eti < i

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

āhavam < āhava

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“battle; fight; challenge; war.”

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